Genomic characterisation of an mcr-1 and mcr-3-producing Escherichia coli strain isolated from pigs in France

Hamame, Afaf; Davoust, Bernard; Rolain, Jean‐Marc; Diène, Seydina M.

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2022.01.014

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The product of each of the sok genes (including sokE ) is an antitoxin RNA of around 60 nucleotides. Several laboratory E. coli strains such as MG1655 and BW25113 are sokE + , but the gene is disrupted by IS 150 insertion (exactly as in our parental version of XL1-Blue) in more than 400 sequenced natural E. coli isolates, as also in some strains of Shigella flexneri [(113–115); see Supp. Table S4]; sokA of MG1655 is also disrupted by IS 150 insertion (112).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological R-loops in bacteria from engineered expression of endogenous antisense RNAs whose synthesis is ordinarily terminated by Rho

Pandiyan,

Mallikarjun,

Maheshwari

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In many bacteria, the essential factors Rho and NusG mediate termination of synthesis of nascent transcripts (including antisense RNAs) which are not being simultaneously translated. It has been proposed that in Rho's absence toxic RNA-DNA hybrids (R-loops) may be generated from nascent untranslated transcripts; and genome-wide mapping studies inEscherichia colihave identified putative loci of R-loop formation from more than 100 endogenous antisense transcripts that are synthesized only in a Rho-deficient strain. Here we provide evidence that engineered expression in wild-typeE. coliof several such individual antisense regions on a plasmid or the chromosome generates R-loops that, in an RNase H-modulated manner, serve to disrupt genome integrity. Rho inhibition was associated with increased prevalence of antisense R-loops also inXanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzaeandCaulobacter crescentus. Our results confirm the essential role of Rho in several bacterial genera for prevention of toxic R-loops from pervasive yet cryptic endogenous antisense transcripts. Engineered antisense R-looped regions may be useful for studies on both site-specific impediments to bacterial chromosomal replication and the mechanisms of their resolution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological R-loops in bacteria from engineered expression of endogenous antisense RNAs whose synthesis is ordinarily terminated by Rho

Pandiyan,

Mallikarjun,

Maheshwari

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…For the goat samples, the mcr- 1 gene was detected in four E. coli isolates, while in the sheep samples, this gene was identified from 6 E. coli isolates. In the pig samples, an atypical n = 1 E. coli harbouring two mcr variants both mcr- 1.1 and mcr- 3.5 was isolated and we recently described its genomic characterisation [ 41 ] . In contrast, one year after the mcr genes were disseminated alongside the pig samples, nine E. coli were isolated, harbouring different variants of the mcr gene, including 7 mcr- 1, 1 mcr- 3, and the co-presence of one mcr- 1 /mcr- 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of colistin-resistant bacteria in livestock animals from France

Hamame

Davoust

Hasnaoui

et al. 2022

Vet Res

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Colistin is frequently used as a growth factor or treatment against infectious bacterial diseases in animals. The Veterinary Division of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) restricted colistin use as a second-line treatment to reduce colistin resistance. In 2020, 282 faecal samples were collected from chickens, cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs in the south of France. In order to track the emergence of mobilized colistin resistant (mcr) genes in pigs, 111 samples were re-collected in 2021 and included pig faeces, food, and water from the same location. All samples were cultured in a selective Lucie Bardet Jean-Marc Rolain (LBJMR) medium and colonies were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and then antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed. PCR and Sanger sequencing were performed to screen for the presence of mcr genes. The selective culture revealed the presence of 397 bacteria corresponding to 35 different bacterial species including Gram-negative and Gram-positive. Pigs had the highest prevalence of colistin-resistant bacteria with an abundance of intrinsically colistin-resistant bacteria and from these samples one strain harbouring both mcr-1 and mcr-3 has been isolated. The second collection allowed us to identify 304 bacteria and revealed the spread of mcr-1 and mcr-3 in pigs. In the other samples, naturally, colistin-resistant bacteria were more frequent, nevertheless the mcr-1 variant was the most abundant gene found in chicken, sheep, and goat samples and one cattle sample was positive for the mcr-3 gene. Animals are potential reservoir of colistin-resistant bacteria which varies from one animal to another. Interventions and alternative options are required to reduce the emergence of colistin resistance and to avoid zoonotic transmissions.

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“…The significant spread of mcr genes is due to the association of mcr genes with a large variety of mobile genetic elements [62][63][64]. It is also possible for colistin resistance genes to coexist in the same bacterial isolate via different mobile genetic elements as recently described in the co-occurrence of mcr genes in E. coli harboring the mcr-3 gene on an IncFII plasmid and a transposon carrying the mcr-1 gene in the chromosome [65]. Activation of phoP/phoQ activates pmrD and the arnBCADTEF operon; pmrD in turn activates pmrA.…”

Section: Plasmid-mediated Colistin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Genes in Cats and Dogs and Their Zoonotic Transmission Risks

et al. 2022

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Background: Pets, especially cats and dogs, represent a great potential for zoonotic transmission, leading to major health problems. The purpose of this systematic review was to present the latest developments concerning colistin resistance through mcr genes in pets. The current study also highlights the health risks of the transmission of colistin resistance between pets and humans. Methods: We conducted a systematic review on mcr-positive bacteria in pets and studies reporting their zoonotic transmission to humans. Bibliographic research queries were performed on the following databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Microsoft Academic, and Web of Science. Articles of interest were selected using the PRISMA guideline principles. Results: The analyzed articles from the investigated databases described the presence of mcr gene variants in pets including mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, mcr-5, mcr-8, mcr-9, and mcr-10. Among these articles, four studies reported potential zoonotic transmission of mcr genes between pets and humans. The epidemiological analysis revealed that dogs and cats can be colonized by mcr genes that are beginning to spread in different countries worldwide. Overall, reported articles on this subject highlight the high risk of zoonotic transmission of colistin resistance genes between pets and their owners. Conclusions: This review demonstrated the spread of mcr genes in pets and their transmission to humans, indicating the need for further measures to control this significant threat to public health. Therefore, we suggest here some strategies against this threat such as avoiding zoonotic transmission.

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Genomic characterisation of an mcr-1 and mcr-3-producing Escherichia coli strain isolated from pigs in France

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Pathological R-loops in bacteria from engineered expression of endogenous antisense RNAs whose synthesis is ordinarily terminated by Rho

Pathological R-loops in bacteria from engineered expression of endogenous antisense RNAs whose synthesis is ordinarily terminated by Rho

Screening of colistin-resistant bacteria in livestock animals from France

Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Genes in Cats and Dogs and Their Zoonotic Transmission Risks

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