Genomic Organization of the Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Gene: Molecular Basis for Multiple Transcripts

Abstract

Please be advised that this information was generated on 2018-05-13 and may be subject to change.

A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the human bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP 4) gene

“…BMP4 is one of the best evolutionary conserved growth factors and is necessary to induce mesoderm formation (Winnier et al 1995). The structure of the gene and the boundaries of the intronic sequences are known (van den Wijngaard et al 1996). We report here the first known polymorphic site in this gene and its frequency in three ethnic groups.…”

Proximal upstream region of zebrafish bone morphogenetic protein 4 promoter directs heart expression of green fluorescent protein

“…1, Hwang et al, 1997;Feng et al, 1995;van den Wijngaard et al, 1996). The size of the introns mainly contributes to the size differences.…”

“…The sizes of all three introns (6, 3.5, and 8.9 kb) are larger than those of human (1.9, 1.1, 1.2, and 1 kb) and mouse (2.1, 0.8, 1, and 1 kb) BMP4 genes. Similar to its mammalian counterparts, the zebrafish BMP4 gene also contains a TATA-less promoter (Feng et al, 1995;van den Wijngaard et al, 1996).…”

NKX2.1 regulates transcription of the gene for human bone morphogenetic protein-4 in lung epithelial cells

“…The 5Vregulatory DNA of the human Bmp4 has been cloned and sequenced (Van Den Wijngaard et al, 1999). As in the mouse, in vitro studies in embryonal carcinoma cell lines indicate that two regions of the human Bmp4 gene designated hBmp4.1 (distal) and hBmp4.2 (proximal) exhibit promoter activity responsible for generating distinct mRNAs in U-2 OS cells (Van Den Wijngaard et al, 1996). GATA-1 and Msx have been implicated in the regulation of the hBmp4.1 promoter in osteosarcoma cell lines U-2 OS and HOS-TE85 (Van Den Wijngaard et al, 1999).…”