Genotoxic activity of pulp mill effluent in Salmonella and Saccharomyces cerevisiae assays

Kamra, Om P.; Nestmann, Earle R.; Douglas, George R.; Kowbel, David; Harrington, Tina R.

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(83)90210-0

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The metabolism of active mutagenic substances present in SWW into less genotoxic compounds by the S9 fraction might be the main cause of this lowering effect. Similar results were obtained by several authors in a genotoxicity assessment of pulp mill effluents (Nestmann et al , ; Kamra et al , ; Perez‐Alzola and Santos, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mutagenicity of industrial wastewaters collected from two different stations in northern India

Tabrez

Ahmad

2011

J of Applied Toxicology

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Mutagenicity of wastewaters taken from two different cities was compared by means of Ames plate test and Ames fluctuation test. TA100 and TA98 strains of S. typhimurium exhibited the highest sensitivity against the Saharanpur sample (SWW) in terms of the slope (m) of the dose-response curve in the plate incorporation assay. However, the most sensitive strain against the test samples from Aligarh (AWW) was TA98. Interestingly, TA100 and TA98 strains also displayed the highest susceptibility towards the samples from Saharanpur in the fluctuation test. However, TA102 and TA100 responded maximally to AWW in this bioassay. Interestingly, S9 supplementation resulted in the decline in mutagenic potential of SWW contrary to significant increase with AWW by both the tests. Both samples were found to generate different types of ROS as predominant species. While SWW were shown to generate a high concentration of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals were predominantly occurring in AWW. From our result, we conclude that both the test water samples were highly genotoxic. In view of the complementary nature of these two testing systems, we recommend both bioassays for the genotoxicity assessment of complex water samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mutagenicity of industrial wastewaters collected from two different stations in northern India

Tabrez

Ahmad

2011

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…Thus, according to the present results AA is a weak ENA inducer in A. anguilla L. However, early increases in EMN and ENA frequency at 2 and 6 h exposure, respectively, to 0.9 and 0.0125 mM AA in juvenile sea bass (Gravato and Santos, 2002a, b) suggest that this juvenile fish species is highly sensitive compared with adult eels. Other research work concerning the Ames test demonstrated that the PME chlorination stage induces mutations in Salmonella typhimurium (Kamra et al, 1983) and its mutagenicity decreased with decreasing amounts of free chlorine contained in those liquors resulting from the bleaching process (Nylund et al, 1994). Previous studies with eels exposed to BaP demonstrated that 2.7 mM had a prolonged ENA effect from 72 to 216 h exposure (Maria et al, 2002), whereas BNF had no ENA effect on eels from 2 to 72 h exposure (Teles et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Anguilla anguilla L. genotoxic and liver biotransformation responses to abietic acid exposure

Maria

Correia

Santos

2004

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Adult eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) were exposed for 8, 16, 24, and 72 h to 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.9, and 2.7 microM abietic acid (AA). Genotoxicity was measured as erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA), as well as DNA strand breaks in blood and liver. Liver cytochrome P450 (P450) content, liver ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were determined as biotransformation biomarkers. Liver alanine transaminase (ALT) activity was also measured as an indication of tissue damage. Low AA concentrations, such as 0.1 and 0.3 microM, result in a delayed induction of A. anguilla L. liver EROD activity, whereas the higher AA concentration (2.7 microM AA) also has a delayed effect probably as a consequence of liver tissue high inhibitory concentration. The current eel liver GST activity results demonstrate that only low AA concentrations promote liver increases in GST, whereas high AA concentrations, such as 0.9 and 2.7 microM, do not alter it. The results concerning eel liver ALT activity indicate that significant liver damage is induced by high AA concentrations, such as 2.7 and 0.9 microM. The eel ENA result analysis reveals that AA is a weak ENA inducer in A. anguilla L. Blood DNA integrity results suggest that low AA concentrations promote late decreases in blood DNA integrity; nevertheless, high AA concentrations are early blood genotoxic inducers compared with low AA doses. According to the present research results with respect to eel liver DNA damage, all of the AA exposure concentrations decreased liver DNA integrity.

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“…This fact was also observed by other authors (Saxena and Schwartz, 1979;Flanagan and Allen, 1981;Grimm-Kibalo et al, 1981;Vargas et al, 1988). This subject should be elucidated in further studies to understand the nature of this inactivation, if enzymatic or not (Douglas et al, 1980;Kamra et al, 1983) to have a better characterization of the mutagens detected in this kind of water. Figure 3 represents the distribution of mutagenic samples, bimonthly.…”

Section: Metabolic Activation Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring sãto paulo state rivers in brazil for mutagenic activity using the ames test

Valent¹,

Sato²,

Cristina³

et al. 1993

Environ. Toxicol. Water Qual.

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Organic extracts of raw water from 11 water courses of SLo Paulo State, Brazil, were collected during one year bimonthly and tested for mutagenicity using the Ames test, with strains TA98 and TAlOO of Salmonella typhimurium with and without metabolic activation. The samples were extracted with XADz resin and eluted with methanol and methylene chloride. From the 75 samples analyzed, 14 showed positive responses and 8 were considered marginal, making up 29% of mutagenic samples. The percentage of mutagenic samples in October (spring) was 9%, increasing to 64% in February (summer), and decreased to 9% again in August (winter). Paraiba do Sul river showed the higher percentage of mutagenic samples (67%) and Capivari river the highest mutagenic sample (1787 and 3265 revertants per liter for TA98 without and with S9, respectively).The amplitude of the mutagenic response was 39-3265 revertants per liter for TA98 and 83-467 for TA100. The mutagenic samples showed direct and indirect mutagens, and TA98 detected the majority of responses, indicating prevalence of frameshift mutagens in these samples. 0

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Genotoxic activity of pulp mill effluent in Salmonella and Saccharomyces cerevisiae assays

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Mutagenicity of industrial wastewaters collected from two different stations in northern India

Mutagenicity of industrial wastewaters collected from two different stations in northern India

Anguilla anguilla L. genotoxic and liver biotransformation responses to abietic acid exposure

Monitoring sãto paulo state rivers in brazil for mutagenic activity using the ames test

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