Genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to lead and cadmium

Palus, Jadwiga; Rydzyński, K; Dziubałtowska, Elżbieta; Wyszyńska, Kalina; Natarajan, A.T.; Nilsson, Robert

doi:10.1016/s1383-5718(03)00167-0

Cited by 205 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Similar results were reported by Merzenich et al [2001], Palus et al [2003], and Hengstler et al [2003]. As with other carcinogenic metals, Cd could be genotoxic through multiple mechanisms, such as the generation of ROS and the inhibition of DNA repair.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectroscopy and by the alkaline Comet assay

Botta¹,

Iarmarcovai²,

Chaspoul³

et al. 2006

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Welding fumes are classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In the current study, blood and urine concentrations of aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were monitored by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 30 welders and in 22 controls. In addition, DNA damage was examined in the lymphocytes of these subjects by the alkaline Comet assay. Two biological samples were taken from the welders at the beginning (BW) and at the end (EW) of a work week. In controls, collection of samples was limited to BW. Blood concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb were higher in the welders than in the control group while higher concentrations of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb were detected in welder urines.There was no significant difference in the metal concentrations for the BW and EW welder samples. Increased levels of DNA damage were found in lymphocytes from welders as compared to the controls, and 20/30 welders had higher levels of DNA lesions in the EW than in the BW samples. Age had a significant effect on DNA damage in the control group. Spearman's rank correlation analysis indicated that there were positive correlations between blood concentrations of Al, Co, Ni, and Pb and the levels of DNA damage. A negative correlation was found between DNA damage and Mn in blood, while there was a positive correlation between urinary Mn concentration and DNA damage. These data indicate that occupational exposure to welding fumes increases DNA damage in lymphocytes. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 47:284-295, 2006. V V C 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectroscopy and by the alkaline Comet assay

Botta¹,

Iarmarcovai²,

Chaspoul³

et al. 2006

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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“…Muid et al (2012) has pointed out that the comet assay is considered a suitable and rapid test for DNA-damaging potential in environmental and biomonitoring studies.Research reports indicate that it can be applicable to freshwater and marine fishes and that gill cells are more sensitive than the hematopoietic cells to micronucleus inducing agents which has been reported by most of the researchers (Al-Sabti and Metcalfe, 1995;Cavas et al, 2005;Fontanetti et al, 2010;Palus et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

<i>IN-VIVO</i> EVALUATION OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM INDUCED DNA DAMAGE BY ALKALINE COMET ASSAY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN <i>CATLA CATLA</i>

Arunachalam

Annamalai

Kuruva

2013

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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In the present study, the acute toxicity of Chromium in fingerlings of Catla catla, an Indian major carp, was evaluated with renewal bioassay method. In vivo studies were designed to assess the extent of Micronucleus Assay, Comet Assay under the exposure of common heavy-metal compounds, namely, Chromium Nitrate, using Catla catla (2n = 20), as a test model. The laboratory acclimatized fishes were divided into four groups. Group I served as positive control and the other three as exposed groups for three different time durations of 7, 14 and 21 days and were subjected to uninterrupted sub lethal concentrations (50% of 96 h LC 50 ). The experiments were planned in such a way that fish from all the groups were sacrificed on the same day. The frequencies of micronuclei and bi-nuclei were evaluated comparatively in peripheral erythrocytes. As a result, it was observed that, the fishes and different tissues showed differential sensitivity to the heavy-metal treatment. A significant increase in the frequencies of micronucleated and binucleated cells and percentage increase in DNA tail (p<0.001) through Alkaline Comet Assay were observed after 21 days of exposure to chromium. Our results also showed decrease in enzyme Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity and increase in catalase enzyme due to increasing chromium concentration. The bio-concentration factor profiles of Chromium in Catla catla during sub lethal toxicity study was also calculated.

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“…We used this categorization to obtain a quantitative measurement of DNA damage based on a score average that was weighted according to the number of cells with each grade of damage.The formula for determining the DNA damage was measured by the Genetic Damage Index (GDI)= (Class 1+2xClass 2+3xClass 3+4xClass 4)/(Class 0+Class 1+Class 2+Class 3+Class 4). DNA damage was expressed as the mean percentage of cells with medium, high and complete DNA damage and was calculated as the sum of the cells categorized with Classes 2, 3 and 4 damage (Palus et al, 2003). …”

Section: Microscopic Detection Of Cometsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic and Anti-Genotoxic Effects of Vanillic Acid Against Mitomycin C-Induced Genomic Damage in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro

Erdem¹,

Çinkılıç²,

Vatan³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Vanillic acid, a vegetable phenolic compound, is a strong antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to determine its effects on mitomycin C-induced DNA damage in human blood lymphocyte cultures in vitro, both alone and in combination with mitomycin C (MMC). The cytokinesis block micronucleus test and alkaline comet assay were used to determine genotoxic damage and anti-genotoxic effects of vanillic acid at the DNA and chromosome levels. MMC induced genotoxicity at a dose of 0.25 µg/ml. Vanillic acid (1 µg/ml) significantly reduced both the rates of DNA damaged cells and the frequency of micronucleated cells. A high dose of vanillic acid (2 µg/ml) itself had genotoxic effects on DNA. In addition, both test systems showed similar results when tested with the negative control, consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in combination with vanillic acid (1 µg/ml)+MMC. In conclusion, vanillic acid could prevent oxidative damage to DNA and chromosomes when used at an appropriately low dose.

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Genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to lead and cadmium

Cited by 205 publications

References 33 publications

Assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectroscopy and by the alkaline Comet assay

Assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectroscopy and by the alkaline Comet assay

<i>IN-VIVO</i> EVALUATION OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM INDUCED DNA DAMAGE BY ALKALINE COMET ASSAY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN <i>CATLA CATLA</i>

Genotoxic and Anti-Genotoxic Effects of Vanillic Acid Against Mitomycin C-Induced Genomic Damage in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro

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