Genotoxicity testing of the herbicide Roundup and its active ingredient glyphosate isopropylamine using the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test, Salmonella mutagenicity test, and Allium anaphase-telophase test

Rank, Jette; Jensen, Ashley; Skov, B.; Pedersen, Leif Hemming; Jensen, Klara

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(93)90136-2

Cited by 89 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…La mayoría muestran al glifosato como un compuesto no genotóxico (30)(31)(32)(33). Sin embargo, algunos trabajos muestran resultados diferentes (34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Concentración De Migración Del Adn (µM) Migración Del Adn (µunclassified

Citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad en células humanas expuestas in vitro a glifosato.

et al. 2005

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Introducción. El glifosato es un herbicida de amplio espectro, no selectivo, utilizado para eliminar malezas indeseables en ambientes agrícolas y forestales. La acción herbicida corresponde a la inhibición de la biosíntesis de aminoácidos aromáticos en las plantas. Al no ser este mecanismo compartido por los seres humanos es considerado como de bajo riesgo para la salud de los mismos. Sin embargo, investigaciones recientes indican que puede alterar otros procesos celulares en animales lo que puede presentar un factor de riesgo a nivel ambiental y de salud en las zonas donde se emplea este herbicida. Objetivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la citotoxicidad y la genotoxicidad del glifosato en células humanas normales (GM38) y en células humanas de fibrosarcoma (HT1080). Materiales y métodos. La citotoxicidad aguda y crónica se determinó al exponer las células en cultivo a diferentes concentraciones de glifosato, y se analizó la viabilidad celular con cristal violeta y colorante de exclusión azul de tripano, respectivamente. La genotoxicidad se determinó por medio del ensayo del cometa y los datos se analizaron usando la prueba de Dunnet. Resultados. En la citotoxicidad crónica las células GM38 y las HT1080 presentaron un efecto dependiente de la dosis después del tratamiento con glifosato en concentraciones de 5,2 a 8,5 mM y 0,9 a 3,0 mM, respectivamente. En la citotoxicidad aguda, las células GM38 y las HT1080 expuestas a un rango de concentraciones de 4,0 a 7,0 mM, 4,5 a 5,75 mM y 4,0 a 7,0 mM, respectivamente, presentaron una viabilidad mayor al 80%. Se evidenció daño en el ADN después del tratamiento con glifosato en concentraciones de 4,0 a 6,5 mM para las células GM38 y de 4,75 a 5,75 mM para las células HT1080. Conclusiones. Se sugiere que el mecanismo de acción del glifosato no se limita únicamente a las plantas sino que puede alterar la estructura del ADN en otros tipos de células como son las de los mamíferos.Palabras clave: herbicidas, citotoxicidad, genotoxicidad, ensayo cometa. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of human cells exposed in vitro to glyphosateIntroduction. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum non-selective herbicide, used to eliminate unwanted weeds in agricultural and forest settings. Herbicide action is achieved through inhibition of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in plant cells. Since this is not a conserved mechanism between human and plant cells, glyphosate is considered to be a low health risk substance for humans. However, the occurrence of possible harmful side effects of glyphosate use is not well documented and controversial. Toxicity and genotoxicity studies indicate that glyphosate is not harmful, although several investigations suggest that it can alter various cellular processes in animals. Therfore this has potential as a health and environmental risk factor in areas where glyphosate is widely used.Objectives. The present study evaluated glyphosate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in normal human cells (GM38) and human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) cells. Materials and method...

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“…La mayoría muestran al glifosato como un compuesto no genotóxico (30)(31)(32)(33). Sin embargo, algunos trabajos muestran resultados diferentes (34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Concentración De Migración Del Adn (µM) Migración Del Adn (µunclassified

Citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad en células humanas expuestas in vitro a glifosato.

et al. 2005

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“…At application of anaphase method formed bridges, chromosomal fragments, lagging chromosomes and other damages were counted up. In each variant 100 anaphases and early telophases, not sharing chromosomal aberrations on separate categories as it is recommended in [7,8] have been analyzed. Frequency of aberrant anaphases expressed in percentage of the overlooked corresponding phases of mitosis (200 per each variant).…”

Section: Materials and Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioprotective Properties of Sophora Extrac

Mamedli¹

2014

EJB

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Abstract:A research on radioprotective activity of an extract of Sophora -Sophora japonica L. was carried out at sharp gamma irradiation of seeds of tobacco and wheat. Preliminary treatment of seeds with these preparations resulted in stabilization of the maintenance of pigments of chlorophylls and carotinoids at sprouts of wheat and to decrease in number of chromosomal aberrations in apical meristem of sprouts of tobacco -Nicotiаna tabacum L. obtained from the irradiated seeds.

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“…This knowledge is also in the agreement with the results of other authors. Rank et al (1993) investigated the potential genotoxic effect of glyphosate isopropylamine salt in A. cepa. The anaphasetelophase Allium test showed that glyphosate isopropylamine salt at concentrations of 1.44 and 2.88 mg l -1 caused a significant increase in CAs.…”

Section: Chromosomal Aberrations (Cas) Frequency and Mitotic Index (Mi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported 4-hour rat inhalation LC50 values for glyphosate were 5 to 12 mg l -1 (Weed Science Society of America 1994). The glyphosate doses used in this study was used according to Rank et al (1993).…”

Section: Preparation Of Root Tipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of toxic effects of the glyphosate on Allium cepa

Çavuşoğlu¹,

Yalçin²

2011

Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi

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In the present study, toxic effects of glyphosate on Allium cepa L. (Amaryllidaceae) cells were investigated. For this aim, we used the germination percentage, root length, seedling weight, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, frequency of micronucleus (MN), chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and mitotic index (MI) as indicators of toxicity. In addition to the analyses mentioned above, we also examined changes in the root anatomy of A. cepa seeds treated with glyphosate. Glyphosate was applied with three different doses (100, 250 and 500 mg l -1 ). The results showed significant alterations in the germination percentage, root length, seedling weight, MDA level, MN, CAs and MI frequency depending on treatment doses in the glyphosate treated groups. Glyphosate-exposure significantly reduced the germination percentage, root length and seedling weight in all the treatment groups (P<0.05). But, an increase in the MN and CAs formation (P<0.05) was observed. It was also found that glyphosate has a mitodepressive action on mitosis, and the MI was decreased depending on the dose of applied-glyphosate (P<0.05). Besides, 100, 250 and 500 mg l -1 doses of glyphosate significantly enhanced the lipid peroxidation and caused an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels at each dose treatment (P<0.05). Moreover, light micrographs showed anatomical damages such as unclear vascular tissue, unclear epidermis layer, cell deformation, unusual form of cell nucleus (usually flat) and binuclear cells. Each dose of glyphosate caused severe toxic effects on A. cepa cells and the strongest toxic effect was observed at the dose level of 500 mg l -1 .

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Genotoxicity testing of the herbicide Roundup and its active ingredient glyphosate isopropylamine using the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test, Salmonella mutagenicity test, and Allium anaphase-telophase test

Cited by 89 publications

References 10 publications

Citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad en células humanas expuestas in vitro a glifosato.

Citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad en células humanas expuestas in vitro a glifosato.

Radioprotective Properties of Sophora Extrac

Investigation of toxic effects of the glyphosate on Allium cepa

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