Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli from Farm-Raised Diarrheic Sika Deer in Northeastern China

Abstract

In China, overuse and/or abuse of antimicrobials are common in stockbreeding, which possess high risks of antimicrobial-resistant contaminations. The serogroups, major virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistant patterns of the antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) were investigated in the feces of diarrheic farm-raised sika deer from 50 farms in three Northeastern provinces of China. A total of 220 E. coli isolates were obtained and characterized. Twenty-eight O serogroups were identified from the obtained E. coli isolates with O2, O26, O128, O142 and O154 being dominant. Nearly all the isolates were resistant to at least four of the tested antimicrobials. More than 90% of the E. coli isolates carried at least one of the tested virulence genes. About 85% of the E. coli isolates carried one or more antimicrobial-resistant genes responsible for resistant phenotypes of sulfonamides, streptomycin/spectionomycin or tetracycline. The antimicrobial resistant level and pathogenic group occurrences of the obtained E. coli isolates were higher than that of livestock and wild animals reported in some developed countries. Thus, the fecal-carrying antimicrobial-resistant E. coli from the farm-raised sika deer is potentially a significant contamination source for freshwater systems and food chain, and may pose great health risks for human and animals in Northeastern China.

Association between virulence profile and fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from dogs and cats in China

“…In China, several studies focused on virulence gene frequencies in E. coli isolates from food-producing animals [9,[17][18][19] but not from companion animals. The present study explored virulence gene frequencies and the association between virulence gene profiles, phylogenetic group, ST type, and fluoroquinolone resistance among E. coli from dogs and cats in China.…”

Phytogenic products, used as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, modify the intestinal microbiota derived from a range of production systems: an in vitro model

“…A detailed history of the ban of AGPs has been documented in Dibner and Richards (2005). Further bans on AGP use, around the globe, have accelerated with public approval and often triggered by the media coverage of extreme cases of antibiotic abuse in some countries (Darwish et al 2013;Davies and Walsh 2018;Li et al 2013;Viswanathan 2014).…”

Phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity of some tropical edible plants

“…Methanol extract of Poncirus trifoliata fruits appeared displayed MIC values with a range of 131 to 262 μg/mL against six pathogenic bacteria. Only its methanol extract showed MIC value 262 μg/mL and exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli , a pathogen that infects cattle and swine colonies [ 27 ]. Zingiber officinale Rosc displayed the activity with MIC value of 240 μg/mL for the chloroform fraction and 690 μg/mL for n-hexane against Clostridium perfringens , a pathogen causing enterotoxenia of livestock [ 24 ].…”