Genotypic and phenotypic diversity differences of presumptive commensal and avian pathogenic E. coli

Abstract

1. The objective of the experiment was to characterise the genotypic and phenotypic differences between presumptive commensal E. coli and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) of poultry. 2. DNA was extracted from 65 confirmed APEC E. coli from chicken, 100 presumptive commensal E. coli from healthy turkey and 35 from healthy chicken. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) and virulence factors genotyping was performed to characterise genetic features. 3. Carbon source utilisation and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed to characterise phenotypic features of isolates. 4. The genetic divergence between E. coli strains tested by ERIC-PCR profiles and virulence associated genes showed a clear genetic separation between E. coli APEC and turkey E. coli strains. 5. The carbon utilisation profile of turkey isolates was different from chicken and APEC strains; whereas antimicrobial susceptibility was highest for turkey isolates (53%), and lowest for APEC strains (33.8%). 6. The study showed a significant negative correlation between utilisation of arabitol and adonitol with different virulence determinants tested, which suggests that the ability to utilise some uncommon carbon sources may be used to discriminate between presumptive commensal E. coli and APEC.

Characterization of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) Associated With Turkey Cellulitis in Iowa

“…This data agrees with previous work analyzing isolates from turkeys with colibacillosis from Brazil, where iss was detected in 93% and 64% of their isolates, respectively (31,32). Another study analyzing E. coli from cecal swabs of healthy turkeys found iss in 55% of the isolates (33). hlyF was detected in 79% of the systemic isolates analyzed in the current study, compared to 81% found in systemic isolates in Brazil (32).…”

“…The frequency of fimH in litter and cellulitis isolates in this study were 63 and 44%, respectively. The capsule K1 gene was detected in only 2% of litter and 7% of cellulitis isolates, which is in agreement with the low prevalence (4%) found in healthy turkey isolates elsewhere (33). The prevalence of papC was 21% in litter and 26% in cellulitis isolates.…”

“…fimH was detected in 63% of litter isolates in this work. Similarly, high frequency of fimH (97%) was reported in a collection of E. coli from cecal swabs from healthy turkeys in the UK (33). The frequency of fimH in litter and cellulitis isolates in this study were 63 and 44%, respectively.…”

“…In systemic isolates the prevalence of papC was 15%, which was relatively similar to systemic isolates from turkeys with airsacculitis in Brazil (31). In contrast, the presence of papC in fecal isolates from healthy turkeys in UK was only 3% (33).…”

Genetic Characterization Among Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli Strains Using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) Fingerprinting in South Africa

“…This is the most expected outcome as the pathogenic strains were isolated after being randomly collected from different environmental sources during sample collection which demonstrates that, the transmission might have occurred from clones of different origins. These ndings corroborated with other studies [65,66,67]. Some other studies that used ERIC-PCR in E. coli isolated from other sources include Zhang et al [68] who reported genetic diversity analysis of E. coli serotypes isolated from retail foods in China and Oltramar et al [69] who reported genetic heterogeneity of E. coli isolated from pasteurized milk in Brazil.…”