Geo-mechanical behavior of clay soils stabilized at ambient temperature with fly-ash geopolymer-incorporated granulated slag

Abdullah, Hayder H.; Shahin, Mohamed A.; Walske, Megan L.

doi:10.1016/j.sandf.2019.08.005

Cited by 72 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The improvement in UCS values with time can be addressed by two mechanisms. The first one is the development of highly cross-linked sodium aluminate silicate hydrate gel (N-A-S-H), which becomes stronger with time and was reported as the main mechanism by which the strength is enhanced [34]. The second minor mechanism is the pozzolanic reaction producing calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) due to the reaction of soluble calcium and silica found in the precursor (POFA) [22].…”

Section: Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Development and Microstructural Behavior of Soils Stabilized with Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA)-Based Geopolymer

2021

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Using geopolymer in soil stabilization has gained much attention recently due to its efficiency in improving soil properties and being environmentally friendly at the same time. This research aims to investigate the effect of palm oil fuel ash (POFA)-based geopolymer on soft soil stabilization. The mechanical and microstructural performance of two types of clay soil treated with geopolymer produce from POFA material was the focus of this study. In this respect, a series of unconfined compression and direct shear tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of soils treated with POFA-based geopolymer. Furthermore, the microstructural changes in the treated samples were analyzed using field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). In accordance with the results, it was indicated that the shear strength of both soils soared by increasing the dosage of POFA-based geopolymer. Geopolymer with 40% POFA of the dry weight of soils yielded the highest UCS value at both curing periods, 7 and 28 days. Furthermore, the microstructural analysis revealed material modifications (N-A-S-H gel formation) related to strength enhancement. These results suggest the potentiality of using a POFA-based geopolymer binder to stabilize soft soil.

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Section: Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Development and Microstructural Behavior of Soils Stabilized with Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA)-Based Geopolymer

2021

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“…However, the samples showed higher peak and became more brittle with increasing the confining pressure. The reason for the brittle strain-softening behavior is a slight destructuration that occurs in the class C fly ash stabilized soil during the consolidation stage, leading to the behavior governed by cementitious bonds and friction [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Class C and Class F Fly Ash on Mechanical and Microstructural Behavior of Clay Soil—A Comparative Study

Turan

Vinai

2022

Materials

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A large amount of coal fly ash produced in thermal power plants is disposed of in landfills which causes many environmental problems. The utilization of fly ash can be encouraged in geotechnical engineering projects. In this paper, the effects of class C and class F fly ash on the mechanical and microstructural behavior and stabilization of clay soil were evaluated through a program of laboratory experiments. The experiments included compaction, unconfined compressive strength, consolidated-undrained triaxial, one-dimensional consolidation tests, and scanning electron microscopy analysis on samples of fly ash-stabilized clay soil after 1, 7, and 28 days of curing. The tests were conducted on mixtures of clay with class C or class F fly ash, ranging from 0% to 30% of the soil. Experimental results showed that the strength parameters and permeability of the stabilized soil improved while the compression and swelling indices decreased by the addition of fly ash and by the increase of curing days. The results obtained from the mechanical tests agreed with the results from the SEM analysis. Based on the results, the soil could be successfully stabilized by using class C fly ash. The improvements in strength, swelling, and permeability parameters of the stabilized soil were higher with the class C fly ash compared with class F fly ash.

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“…It can be seen that the 28 d UCS of III-1 is 32.3% higher than that of I-1, but only 4.2% higher than that of II-1. This may be due to the presence of some unreacted slag and fly ash particles in the stabilized soil, which leads to the deterioration of the internal microstructure of the sample [38][39][40][41]45,47]. This hinders further improvement in strength.…”

Section: Effect Of the Type And Content Of Stabilizer On The Ucs Of S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the synergistic effect of hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) and sodium-based aluminosilicate (N-A-S-H) contributes to form a more compact soil microstructure. Abdullah [45] used consolidated undrained triaxial compression and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests to study the stress-strain behavior of geopolymer stabilized clay soils in the presence of different geopolymer content (0, 10%, 20%). Meanwhile, it was pointed out that the overall performance differences of stabilized clay soils were mainly due to the heterogeneity of the soil minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Unconfined Compression Strength and Microstructure Characteristics of Slag and Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Stabilized Riverside Soft Soil

Luo

Zhao

et al. 2022

Polymers

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To solve the issues of insufficient early strength of cement stabilized soil and high resource cost, high reduction cost, and high environmental cost induced by the application of cement, the slag and fly ash-based geopolymer was adopted as the stabilizer to treat riverside soft soil. This study mainly investigated the effects of stabilizer content, slag-to-fly ash ratio, and alkaline activator content on the strength of geopolymer stabilized soils with different curing ages. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray energy spectrum analysis (EDS) tests were carried out. The results show that the stabilizer content, slag–fly ash ratio, and alkaline activator content have a decisive influence on the UCS of geopolymer-stabilized soil. The mix-proportions scheme of geopolymer stabilized riverside soft soil, with a geopolymer content of 15%, a slag–fly ash ratio of 80:20, and an alkaline activator content of 30%, is considered optimum. It is proven by SEM that the uniformly distributed gelatinous products formed in the geopolymer-stabilized soil bind the soil particles tightly. Moreover, the EDS analysis confirms that the gelatinous products are mainly composed of C-S-H gel and sodium-based aluminosilicate (N-A-S-H).

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Geo-mechanical behavior of clay soils stabilized at ambient temperature with fly-ash geopolymer-incorporated granulated slag

Cited by 72 publications

References 34 publications

Strength Development and Microstructural Behavior of Soils Stabilized with Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA)-Based Geopolymer

Strength Development and Microstructural Behavior of Soils Stabilized with Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA)-Based Geopolymer

Effects of Class C and Class F Fly Ash on Mechanical and Microstructural Behavior of Clay Soil—A Comparative Study

Experimental Investigation of Unconfined Compression Strength and Microstructure Characteristics of Slag and Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Stabilized Riverside Soft Soil

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