Geochemical and Kinetic Evolution of a Karst Flow System: Laurel Creek, West Virginia

Groves, Christopher G.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01790.x

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The Milandre karst system is typically a shallow karst. In allogenic karst systems, spring chemographs are strongly influenced by the contribution of allogenic streams during flood events (Vervier, 1990;Groves, 1992;Wicks and Engeln, 1997). In such a case, the conceptual model proposed in the present paper is not adequate.…”

Section: Extension Of the Model To Other Karst Systemsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In some studies (Shuster and White, 1971;Ternan, 1972;Groves, 1992;Wicks and Engeln, 1997;Grasso and Jeannin, 2002;Grasso et al, 2003), decrease of dissolution-related parameters during flood events is explained by calcite dissolution kinetics: the flood waters flow too quickly as compared to base flow, and do not reach the thermodynamic equilibrium with respect to calcite, providing a decrease in ion concentration along the flood. Similar reactive models, depending on process kinetics, are being applied for the simulation of heat transport in karst systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of tributary mixing in chemical variations at a karst spring, Milandre, Switzerland

Perrin

Jeannin

Cornaton

2007

Journal of Hydrology

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Summary Solute concentration variations during flood events were investigated in a karst aquifer of the Swiss Jura. Observations were made at the spring, and at the three main subterraneous tributaries feeding the spring. A simple transient flow and transport numerical model was able to reproduce chemographs and hydrographs observed at the spring, as a result of a mixing of the concentration and discharge of the respective tributaries. Sensitivity analysis carried out with the model showed that it is possible to produce chemical variations at the spring even if all tributaries have constant (but different for each of them) solute concentrations. This process is called tributary mixing. The good match between observed and modelled curves indicate that, in the phreatic zone, tributary mixing is probably an important process that shapes spring chemographs. Chemical reactions and other mixing components (e.g. from low permeability volumes) have a limited influence.Dissolution-related (calcium, bicarbonate, specific conductance) and pollution-related parameters (nitrate, chloride, potassium) displayed slightly different behaviours: during moderate flood events, the former showed limited variations compared to the latter. During large flood events, both presented chemographs with significant changes. No significant event water participates in moderate flood events and tributary mixing will be the major process shaping chemographs. Variations are greater for parameters with higher spatial variability (e.g. pollution-related). Whereas for large flood events, the contribution of event water becomes significant and influences the chemographs of all the parameters. As a result, spring water vulnerability to an accidental pollution is low during moderate flood events and under base flow conditions. It strongly increases during large flood events, because event water contributes to the spring discharge.

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Section: Extension Of the Model To Other Karst Systemsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of tributary mixing in chemical variations at a karst spring, Milandre, Switzerland

Perrin

Jeannin

Cornaton

2007

Journal of Hydrology

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“…The values of ionic strength for all samples listed in " Table 2 SO  , the ionic activity product (Kiap), which is the product of the measured activities, also calculated to test the saturation (Fetter, 1980) to determine the degree of saturation by the comparison of the values of K iap for a mineral in natural water with the theoretical value of the solubility product of mineral K sp [5]. The Saturation Index (SI) of the mineral is defined as the state of saturation, which is represented by the equation of [10].…”

Section: Saturation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemistry as Indicator to Select the Suitable Locations for Water Storage in Tharthar Valley, Al-Jazira Area, Iraq

Salih¹,

Kadim²,

Qadir³

2012

JWARP

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Four locations were chosen according to geomorphologic and engineering criterion to store the water on the midstream of Tharthar valley, water samples were collected from the four locations to evaluate the hydrochemical properties as indicator to select the more suitable location, these locations are Hatra, Abu-Hamam, Tlol Al-Baj and Al-Sukkariah from the north to the south respectively. Also, the groundwater samples were collected from two shallow wells on the banks. The samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of most common anions and cations in the water Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl–, SO42+. Also, pH, EC and TDS were measured. The results reflect high variations in concentrations of the soluble materials, the concentrations of these components are highly increased in locations of Tlol Al-Baj and Al-Sukkariah in comparison with the locations of Hatra and Abu-Hamam. The variation in geology of the area along the valley was represented a main role on the quality of water. These results can help to select the suitable locations of small dam (dams) to store the water in the valley and prevent the problem of salinity. According to the results, the northern part of midstream (north of Abu-Hamam) is suitable for water storage and the dam construction. While the locations of the downstream enriched by local sources of salts

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“…The major ion chemistry of groundwater is used as a powerful tool to determine solute sources and to describe groundwater evolution in karst areas (Langmuir, 1971;Shuster and White, 1971;2020 P. WU ET AL. Thraikill, 1972;Groves, 1992;Hess and White, 1993;Karimi et al, 2005;Moral et al, 2008). Figure 8 presents an overview of chemical spatial evolution of water in the Gaoping basin.…”

Section: Geochemical Evolution Of Surface Water and Groundwater Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater in the karst basin, southwest China

Tang

Zhu

et al. 2009

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Groundwater is a very significant water source used for irrigation and drinking purposes in the karst region, and therefore understanding the hydrogeochemistry of karst water is extremely important. Surface water and groundwater were collected, and major chemical compositions and environmental isotopes in the water were measured in order to reveal the geochemical processes affecting water quality in the Gaoping karst basin, southwest China. Dominated by Ca 2C , Mg 2C , HCO 3 and SO 4 2 , the groundwater is typically characterized by Ca-Mg-HCO 3 type in a shallow aquifer, and Ca-Mg-SO 4 type in a deeper aquifer. Dissolution of dolomite aquifer with gypsiferous rocks and dedolomitization in karst aquifers are important processes for chemical compositions of water in the study basin, and produce water with increased Mg 2C , Ca 2C and SO 4 2 concentrations, and also increased TDS in surface water and groundwater. Mg 2C /Ca 2C molar ratios in groundwater decrease slightly due to dedolomitization, while the mixing of discharge of groundwater with high Mg 2C /Ca 2C ratios may be responsible for Mg 2C /Ca 2C ratios obviously increasing in surface water, and Mg 2C /Ca 2C ratios in both surface water and groundwater finally tending to a constant. In combination with environmental isotopic analyses, the major mechanism responsible for the water chemistry and its geochemical evolution in the study basin can be revealed as being mainly from the water-rock interaction in karst aquifers, the agricultural irrigation and its infiltration, the mixing of surface water and groundwater and the water movement along faults and joints in the karst basin.

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Geochemical and Kinetic Evolution of a Karst Flow System: Laurel Creek, West Virginia

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

The role of tributary mixing in chemical variations at a karst spring, Milandre, Switzerland

The role of tributary mixing in chemical variations at a karst spring, Milandre, Switzerland

Hydrochemistry as Indicator to Select the Suitable Locations for Water Storage in Tharthar Valley, Al-Jazira Area, Iraq

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater in the karst basin, southwest China

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