Geochemical and mineralogical methods of prospecting for mineral deposits

The age problem of apophyllite in late hydrothermal mineral associations

“…A number of authors have recorded veinlets and veins of apophyllite in different rocks, for example, with zeolites and calcite in the gneisses of the Aar massif (Konigsberger, 1901); in rapakivi granites and their pegma tites in Finland and the Ukraine ( Fersman, 1952;Volborth, 1953;Vorma, 1961;Nazarenko, 1963;Litvin et al, 1964); along with natrolite in aegirine-hornblende nepheline syenites and pegmatites (Barabanov, 1957(Barabanov, , 1960; with zeolites, quartz, and calcite in basalts in Nova Scotia, Canada (Walker and Parsons, 1922); with calcite and zeolites, in the Eocene volcanic rocks of Georgia (Gvakhariya, 1951); in the Siberian traps (Cherepanov and Murina, 1966) ; with calcite, celadonite, earlier quartz, mesolite, natrolite, chalcedony, and datolite, in the volcanic rocks of the Karadag in the Crimea (Suprychev, 1968); with quartz and prehnite, in the leucocratic quartz gabbros in northern Kazakhstan (Spiridonov, 1964); with calcite and prehnite, in leaching cavities among the olivine gabbro-norites of Noril'sk (Vasil'yev, 1968); with zeolites and calcite, in the non-ore skarns of the Chatkal region (Yenikeyev and Prikhod'ko, 1949;Povarennykh, 1952) ; in the non-ore skarns of the southeastern Standzha-Planina in Bulgaria (Kostov, 1962) ; and with prehnite, in a garnetdiopside rock at Crestmore in California (Bailey, 1941). In Hintze's handbook ( 1896), data are also given on the occurrence of apo phyllite in prehnite-bearing veins among wollastonite rocks in Hessen, and in a number of places in Romania, in veins among gneisses in Saxony (with quartz and calcite), in amygdules of effusive rocks and in the veinlets cut ting them in many regions.…”

Principles of geochemical prospecting

“…Details of some of these surveys have been published. See items numbered 4, 5, 22, 23, 26, 27, 36, 59, 66, 85, 94, 103, 104, 108, 110, and 117 abstracted by Harbaugh (1953) and also the following: Fersman, 1939;Gilbert, 1951Gilbert, , 1953Hawkes, 1954;Huff, 1952;Kennedy, 1952;Nackowski, 1952;Pierce and Dias,. 1950;and Shima, 1953e, 195314 Much of the work, however, has been sponsored by private mining companies as part of their exploration program, where commercial considerations prevent the release of information to the public.…”

“…Russm. The first large-scale systematic investigation of chemical analysis as a method of prospecting was undertaken in 1932 by Soviet geologists (Fersman, 1939;Sergeev, 1941). By 1935, the geological staff of the Central Geological and Prospecting Institute in Moscow had perfected spectrographic analytical equipment and sampling procedures suitable for routine geochemical soil surveys.…”

Neuro-fuzzy modelling in mining geochemistry: Identification of geochemical anomalies

“…dates back to 1930 when the first survey of this kind was carried out by Fersman (1939). Since then, this technique has been greatly modified and improved (Beus and Grigorian, 1977).…”