“…Mineral constituents, discrete mineral species, and ion exchange elements present in coal, biomass, and bottom ash residues have been identified using XRD, XRF, FTIR, and SEM-EDX (Kumar & Lingfa, 2020) (Yao et al, 2021) (Correa-Ochoa et al, 2023. Research utilizing XRF and XRD to determine the distribution pattern and content of Si and Fe as well as the mineral composition of Jeneberang catchment rocks (Massinai et al, 2021) (Suriyanto Bakri, Muhammad Anas, Muhamad Hardin Wakila, 2023 (Supiyani et al, 2022) (Tice et al, 2022). X-ray diffraction (XRD) is the most trustworthy technique for identifying material phases (Shen & Shen, 2021) (Samouh et al, 2021).…”