Geochemical evidence of melt intrusions along lithospheric faults of the Southern Apennines, Italy: Geodynamic and seismogenic implications

Non‐volcanic CO2 Earth degassing: Case of Mefite d'Ansanto (southern Apennines), Italy

“…This isotopic signature is very similar to that of the gases emitted by the active volcanoes Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei (d 13 C from −2‰ to 0.5‰, R/Ra from 2.6 to 3.4 [Caliro et al, 2007]) which are located 60-80 km west of Mefite. Italiano et al [2000], also on the basis of this similarity, suggested the presence of magmas intruded into the axial part of the southern Apennine sedimentary chain. However the presence of a deep source of fluids, common in the Earth's interior for the occurrence of magmatic or methamorphic processes, is not sufficient to explain the occurrence of a so large emission of CO 2 at the surface, a kind of manifestation rare in the Earth.…”

Ground effects and hydrological changes in the Southern Apennines (Italy) in response to the 23 July 1930 earthquake (<i>M<sub>S</sub></i>=6.7)

“…Many anomalous behaviours of aquifers have been noted before, during and after a seismic event: sudden increases/decreases in spring flows, changes in piezometric levels in water wells, and increases in the emanation of deep gases (Gordon, 1970;Sorey and Clark, 1981;Whitehead et al, 1984;Wakita et al, 1985;Igarashi et al, 1992;Briggs, 1994;Curry et al, 1994;Wolf, 1992, 1994;Quilty et al, 1995;Schuster and Murphy, 1996;Balderer et al, 2000;Italiano et al, 2000;Thorson, 2001;Montgomery and Manga, 2003;Husen et al, 2004).…”

“…1b, point 37), situated about 20 km from the epicenter, presented an increase in gas emission and mud boiling, together with light flashes (Alfano, 1930;Ricciardelli, 1930). This is a very sensitive site since such phenomena also occurred here for other earthquakes in the Southern Apennines (Balderer et al, 2000;Italiano et al, 2000).…”

Hydrological and Geochemical Changes Related to Earthquakes - Examples: Three Great Earthquakes of the XX Century in the Southern Apennines (Italy)

“…Another site with fumaroles and mud pools, Ansanto Valley, situated about 20 km from the epicenter, presented an increase in gas emission and mud boiling, together with light flashes (Alfano, 1931). This is a very sensitive site since such phenomena also occurred in this site for other earthquakes in the southern Apennines (Italiano et al, 2000).…”

“…It is plausible that such effects would occur in Southern Italy which is affected by young active tectonics with frequent strong earthquakes and many volcanically active areas (Pece et al, 1999). Many anomalous behaviours of aquifers have been noted before, during and after a seismic event: sudden increases/decreases in spring flows, changes in piezometric levels in water wells, and increases in the emanation of deep gases (Gordon, 1970;Sorey and Clark, 1981;Whitehead et al, 1984;Wakita et al, 1985;Igarashi et al, 1992;Briggs, 1994;Curry et al, 1994;Wolf, 1992, 1994;Quilty and Roeloffs, 1997;Schuster and Murphy, 1996;Italiano et al, 2000;Thorson, 2001;Montgomery and Manga, 2003;Husen et al, 2004). Characterizing the behaviour of aquifers and detecting anomalies in the late 1930s may be easier than in subsequent years since water resources were less exploited at that time.…”