Geochemical properties of rocks and soils in Gusev Crater, Mars: Results of the Alpha Particle X‐Ray Spectrometer from Cumberland Ridge to Home Plate

Ming, D. W.; Gellert, R.; Morris, R. V.; Arvidson, R. E.; Brückner, J.; Clark, B. C.; Cohen, B. A.; d’Uston, C.; Economou, T.; Fleischer, I.; Klingelhöfer, G.; McCoy, Timothy J.; Mittlefehldt, David W.; Schmidt, M. E.; Schröder, Christian; Squyres, S. W.; Tréguier, E.; Yen, A. S.; Zipfel, J.

doi:10.1029/2008je003195

Cited by 181 publications

(299 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Other altered rocks include light-toned Mg-rich, Al-poor outcrops called Everett and Slide, located several meters east of Home Plate in the Eastern Valley . Everett and Slide contain an assemblage of magnetite N pyroxene N npOx and have high Zn (up to 1340 ppm) and Ni (up to 850 ppm; Ming et al, 2008). These outcrops may have experienced similar high temperature alteration to the east side of Home Plate, but their protolith and stratigraphic position are unknown.…”

Section: Overprinting Alteration Of Home Platementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observations made over two years by multiple instruments consistently indicate that the east and west sides of Home Plate are (49) 339 (49) 349 (40) 478 (48) 420 (39) 362 (40) 310 (39) 395 (54) Zn 463 (21) 435 (22) 566 (16) 680 (21) 570 (15) 568 (16) 471 (15) 368 (22) Br 179 (20) 183 (20) 147 (16) 115 (16) 81 (15) 42 (15) 28 (15) 181 (23) Results are calibrated according to Gellert et al (2006) and are more fully presented by Ming et al (2008 different. The east side has more pyroxene, magnetite, and higher Al, Si/Mg, Zn, Ni, and K (e.g., Fig.…”

Section: A Confluence Of Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the Spirit and Opportunity rovers have examined rocks that indicate diverse alteration conditions at their landing sites, including variable water/rock ratios, pH and temperatures (e.g., Haskin et al, 2005;Tosca et al, 2005;Hurowitz et al, 2006;Ming et al, 2008). In the Home Plate region (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral, mineralogical, and geochemical variations across Home Plate, Gusev Crater, Mars indicate high and low temperature alteration

Schmidt

Farrand

Johnson

et al. 2009

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Section: Overprinting Alteration Of Home Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Confluence Of Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral, mineralogical, and geochemical variations across Home Plate, Gusev Crater, Mars indicate high and low temperature alteration

Schmidt

Farrand

Johnson

et al. 2009

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…56 Even small airborne dust particles collected by on-board magnets turned out not to be fully oxidized. [88][89][90] Nevertheless, the abundance of ferric phases on the surface of Mars demonstrates the occurrence of at least partially oxidizing conditions. 91 However, until recently there was little evidence that conditions on Mars were ever oxidizing enough to produce Mn-rich minerals.…”

Section: Manganese Detection and Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ChemCam activities and discoveries during the nominal mission of the Mars Science Laboratory in Gale crater, Mars

Maurice

Clegg

Wiens

et al. 2016

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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158

111

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At Gale crater, Mars, ChemCam acquired its first laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) target on Sol 13 of the landed portion of the mission (a Sol is a Mars day). Up to Sol 800, more than 188 000 LIBS spectra were acquired on more than 5800 points distributed over about 650 individual targets. We present a comprehensive review of ChemCam scientific accomplishments during that period, together with a focus on the lessons learned from the first use of LIBS in space. For data processing, we describe new tools that had to be developed to account for the uniqueness of Mars data. With regard to chemistry, we present a summary of the composition range measured on Mars for major-element oxides (SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , FeO T , MgO, CaO, Na 2 O, K 2 O) based on various multivariate models, with associated precisions.ChemCam also observed H, and the non-metallic elements C, O, P, and S, which are usually difficult to quantify with LIBS. F and Cl are observed through their molecular lines. We discuss the most relevant LIBS lines for detection of minor and trace elements (Li, Rb, Sr, Ba, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Zn). These results were obtained thanks to comprehensive ground reference datasets, which are set to mimic the expected mineralogy and chemistry on Mars. With regard to the first use of LIBS in space, we analyze and quantify, often for the first time, each of the advantages of using stand-off LIBS in space: no sample preparation, analysis within its petrological context, dust removal, sub-millimeter scale investigation, multi-point analysis, the ability to carry out statistical surveys and whole-rock analyses, and rapid data acquisition.We conclude with a discussion of ChemCam performance to survey the geochemistry of Mars, and its valuable support of decisions about selecting where and whether to make observations with more time and resource-intensive tools in the rover's instrument suite. In the end, we present a bird's-eye view of Cite this:

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“…The ability to measure the initial Ar isotopic ratio in magma is important because such measurements will provide insights into the evolution of the parent magma or trapped Martian atmosphere. Based on the error propagation of K and Ar measurements, our previous feasibility study 4) indicates that the K-Ar ages of the rocks recording the Noachian-Hesperian transition will be measurable with 10 -15 % error when the relatively high (1 -3 wt%) K content of rocks as found in the Gale or Gusev craters 9,10) and the crater model age of the Noachian-Hesperian transition (3.5 Ga) 11) are assumed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Design of an In Situ K-Ar Isochron Dating Instrument for Future Mars Rover Missions

Cho

Kameda

Miura

et al. 2016

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

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Age is one of the most important observables in planetary science. Although a sample return mission will provide accurate radiometric age measurements, it may not be launched very often because of its high cost. Thus, in situ radiometric age measurements with a one-way landing mission is very important. We are developing an on-site K-Ar isochron dating instrument for such a mission. This instrument is intended to measure K and Ar abundances with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and noble gas mass spectrometry, respectively. In this study, we propose an in situ dating package using mostly flight-equivalent components and a small number of components currently under development by our team. The geochronology instrument suite will contain a pulse laser, a spectrometer, a re-sealable vacuum chamber, a time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and a sample handling system using parallel link arms. Our assessment estimates that such an in situ geochronology package for measuring K-Ar crystallization age with 10-15% of accuracy for rocks with 3 Ga of age would be approximately 240 mm × 240 mm × 400 mm in size and 12.5 kg in mass.

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Geochemical properties of rocks and soils in Gusev Crater, Mars: Results of the Alpha Particle X‐Ray Spectrometer from Cumberland Ridge to Home Plate

Cited by 181 publications

References 46 publications

Spectral, mineralogical, and geochemical variations across Home Plate, Gusev Crater, Mars indicate high and low temperature alteration

Spectral, mineralogical, and geochemical variations across Home Plate, Gusev Crater, Mars indicate high and low temperature alteration

ChemCam activities and discoveries during the nominal mission of the Mars Science Laboratory in Gale crater, Mars

Conceptual Design of an In Situ K-Ar Isochron Dating Instrument for Future Mars Rover Missions

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