Geochemistry of surface sediments in an acid stream estuary

Foster, P.; Hunt, D. T. E.

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(75)90035-3

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that the concentrations of metals in suspended and bed sediments can be sensitive indicators of contaminants in hydrological systems (Salomons and Forstner 1980;Luoma 1990). The presence of trace metals in sediments is affected by the particle size and composition of the sediments (Foster and Hunt 1975;Throne and Nickless 1981;Sakai et al 1986). More than 97% of the mass transport of heavy metals to the oceans is associated with river sediments (Jain and Sharma 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluating the efficiency of sediment metal pollution indices in interpreting the pollution of Haraz River sediments, southern Caspian Sea basin

Nasrabadi

Bidhendi

Karbassi

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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The Haraz River is one of the most significant rivers in the southern Caspian Sea basin. Towards the estuary, the river receives discharges of industrial, agricultural, and urban wastes. In the present investigation, bulk concentrations of Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, and Sr in Haraz River (Iran) bed sediments were measured from several sample locations. In addition, association of studied metals with various sedimentary phases was assessed to determine the proportions of metals in different forms. The intensity of sediment contamination was evaluated using an enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (I(geo)), and a newly developed pollution index (I(poll)). Both EF and I(geo) formulae compare present concentrations of metals to their background levels in crust and shale, respectively. In a specific area with its own geological background like Haraz River water basin where naturally high concentrations of metals may be found, such a comparison may lead to biased conclusions regarding levels of anthropogenic contamination. Accordingly, chemical partitioning results are substituted for the mean crust and shale levels in the new index (I(poll)). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the anthropogenic portion of metallic pollution in Haraz river-bed sediments with I(poll) showed much more value in comparison with those of geochemical accumulation index and enrichment factor. The order of metals introduced by anthropogenic activities are as follows: Sr > Pb > Co > Cd > Zn > Cu > Ni > As > Cr > Fe. The results showed relatively higher concentrations of Cd, As, Sr, and Pb in comparison with those of shale. However, based on the chemical partitioning of metals, it is found that Sr, Pb, Co, and Cd are the most mobile metals. In spite of the high As concentrations in sediments, it is not likely that this element is a major hazard for the aquatic environment since it is found mainly in the residual fraction. Also, Fe, Cr, and Ni are present in the greatest percentages in the residual fraction, which implies that these metals are strongly linked to the sediments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluating the efficiency of sediment metal pollution indices in interpreting the pollution of Haraz River sediments, southern Caspian Sea basin

Nasrabadi

Bidhendi

Karbassi

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…the ef uents from industrial and mining processing, and from domestic waste (Stumm, 1986;Turner and Millward, 1994;Förstner, 1993;Stumm and Morgan, 1996), or more diffuse sources (e.g. the leaching of sediments and rocks within a catchment, Foster and Hunt (1975)). Given the complexity of metal geochemistry in uvial systems, studies of comparatively simple systems with few readily identi able major point sources of metals, provide an opportunity to better understand the roles of physical and chemical speciation in metal dispersion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal dispersion in sediments and waters of the River Conwy draining the Llanrwst Mining Field, North Wales

Brydie

Polya

2003

Mineral. mag.

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The dispersion and sediment-water partitioning of Pb and Zn have been studied in the Conwy River, North Wales. Analysis included major and trace element water chemistry and concentrations of sediment-hosted Pb and Zn. In situ solution pH, Eh, temperature and conductivity were also measured. Sediments were characterized via SEM, XRD, nitric acid leaching and sequential chemical extraction to quantify metal distribution and sediment phase associations. Dissolved and sediment-bound Pb and Zn within river and estuary waters and sediments have been used to calculate whole sediment-and phase-specific apparent partition coefficients.Weathering of galena and sphalerite, associated with the Llanrwst Mining Field, provide point sources of elevated dissolved and sedimentary Pb and Zn in the upper catchment. Dissolved Pb is actively adsorbed onto sedimentary surface coatings of Fe-Mn (hydr)oxides and organics whilst Fe-Mn (hydr)oxides, organics and carbonates were the main hosts for Zn. Systematic changes in metal sorption are evident between the estuary and the upper catchment, with organic matter becoming progressively more important upstream. This change is ascribed to the sorptive properties of sedimentary organic material. Solution pH, [Cl] and aqueous metal speciation are the dominant solution controls on metal partitioning. Laboratory sorption experiments parallel Pb sorption behaviour in the natural system.

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“…The presence of trace metals in sediments is affected by the particle size and composition of the sediments (Foster and Hunt, 1975;Throne and Nickless, 1981;Sakai et al, 1986). More than 97% of the mass transport of heavy metals to the oceans is associated with river sediments (Jain and Sharma, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on distribution and fractionation of heavy metals in Gomti river sediments—a tributary of the Ganges, India

Singh

Mohan

Singh

et al. 2005

Journal of Hydrology

619

271

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Geochemistry of surface sediments in an acid stream estuary

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluating the efficiency of sediment metal pollution indices in interpreting the pollution of Haraz River sediments, southern Caspian Sea basin

Evaluating the efficiency of sediment metal pollution indices in interpreting the pollution of Haraz River sediments, southern Caspian Sea basin

Metal dispersion in sediments and waters of the River Conwy draining the Llanrwst Mining Field, North Wales

Studies on distribution and fractionation of heavy metals in Gomti river sediments—a tributary of the Ganges, India

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