Geodermatophilus, a New Genus of the Dermatophilaceae (Actinomycetales)

Luedemann, George M.

doi:10.1128/jb.96.5.1848-1858.1968

Cited by 127 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Among the characterized strains, only two strains, BC503 and BC620, isolated from Carrara and Ephesus marble quarries, respectively, could be affiliated to the genus Geodermatophilus, suggesting that members of this genus occupy stone materials less frequently than members of the other genera of the family. Indeed, several reports have shown that Geodermatophilus strains commonly thrive in soil (Luedemann, 1968;Ishiguro and Fletcher, 1975). Surprisingly, several isolates, as well as some strains previously included by Eppard et al (1996) in cluster II of the genus Geodermatophilus, were grouped with strains classified in the new genus Modestobacter, which includes strains isolated from Antarctic soil (Mevs et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of Geodermatophilaceae over the total microbial colonies detected was determined for each sample by counting the colonies that showed the typical morphology and pigmentation of this family (Luedemann, 1968;Eppard et al, 1996;Mevs et al, 2000). The presumptive attribution of these strains to the family Geodermatophilaceae was confirmed by randomly picking the putative Geodermatophilaceae colonies (a total of 121) and examining the cell morphology of the strains under phase-contrast microscopy.…”

Section: Enumeration Of Cultivable Chemoorganotrophic Bacteria and Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiversity of Geodermatophilaceae isolated from altered stones and monuments in the Mediterranean basin

Urzı̀

Brusetti

Salamone

et al. 2001

Environmental Microbiology

125

112

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An investigation was made into the occurrence and biodiversity of Geodermatophilaceae on 78 samples of altered stone surfaces from 24 monuments and natural stones in the Mediterranean basin; it was found that the total microbial counts ranged between 0 and 10(7) cfu g(-1) dry weight. Members of the Geodermatophilaceae family were isolated from 22 of the 78 samples examined, with the incidence of Geodermatophilaceae colonies in the cultivable population ranging from 1% to 100%. The highest percentage was found in six samples of markedly deteriorated stone. Sixty-five strains randomly isolated from the plates were clustered in six different groups by amplified 16S rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) using five different restriction enzymes. Twenty-five strains, representing all the ARDRA haplotypes, were characterized further by partial sequencing (350-550 bp) of the 16S rDNA and by analysing 76 morphological, metabolic and physiological properties. The strains were associated with three well-separated clusters of the genera Geodermatophilus, Blastococcus and Modestobacter. On the basis of 16S rDNA sequence and ARDRA analysis, only two strains were found to be related to the two reference strains of Geodermatophilus. All the others could be grouped with Blastococcus aggregatus (19 strains) or the Antarctic species Modestobacter multiseptatus (44 strains), suggesting that it is these two groups, rather than Geodermatophilus, that tend to colonize the stone surfaces, and that Modestobacter-like strains are also found in temperate/Mediterranean climates. From the BOX-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data, it can be seen that the Modestobacter-like strains, belonging to the most represented ARDRA haplotype (haplotype B, 34 strains), are very polymorphic and that, over a stone surface, there is a wide genetic diversity at the microsite level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enumeration Of Cultivable Chemoorganotrophic Bacteria and Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Geodermatophilaceae isolated from altered stones and monuments in the Mediterranean basin

Urzı̀

Brusetti

Salamone

et al. 2001

Environmental Microbiology

125

112

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“…Geodermatophilus obscurus ssp. obscurus (strain ATCC 25078 = DSM 43160 = IFO (now NBRC) 13315 = JCM 3152 = NRRL B-3577 = VKM Ac-658) (Luedemann, 1968) was kindly provided by Dr. David Labeda (NRRL bacterial collection, USA), and Blastococcus saxobsidens (strain DD2) and Modestobacter multiseptatus (strain BC501) were isolated from calcarenite walls in Sardinia and from Carrara marble cave, respectively (Urzì et al, 2001). Strains were routinely grown in the complex Luedemann medium (Luedemann, 1969), comprising yeast extract, amine extract, glucose, soluble starch, and CaCO 3 .…”

Section: Resistance To Ionizing Radiationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the most common bacteria associated with stone biodeterioration, Geodermatophilaceae represent a distinc-tive family often found on calcareous and carbonatic stones such as marble, limestone, and calcarenite (Eppard et al, 1996;Urzì & Realini, 1998;Urzì et al, 2001Urzì et al, , 2004Brusetti et al, 2008). The actinobacterial family Geodermatophilaceae (Normand, 2006) includes the genera Geodermatophilus (Luedemann, 1968), Blastococcus (Ahrens & Moll, 1970), and Modestobacter (Mevs et al, 2000), having a Gram-positive cell wall, chemoorganotrophic, mesophilic cells with a strongly pigmented rudimentary mycelium. Some of the biodeterioration capability of the Geodermatophilaceae is also because of their ability to develop as endoliths, growing into stones to a depth of a few millimeters, as observed in a limestone tunnel at a Mayan archeological site in Mexico (Ortega-Morales et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasted resistance of stone-dwelling Geodermatophilaceae species to stresses known to give rise to reactive oxygen species

Gtari

Essoussi

Maaoui

et al. 2012

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

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Stones in arid environments are inhabited by actinobacteria of the family Geodermatophilaceae like the genera Blastococcus and Modestobacter frequently isolated from altered calcarenites. Their habitat requires adaptation to light-induced and other stresses that generate reactive oxygen species. Here, we show that representative members of the species Blastococcus saxobsidens, Geodermatophilus obscurus, and Modestobacter multiseptatus are differentially adapted to stresses associated with arid environments. Whereas B. saxobsidens was found to be sensitive to gamma radiation (D(10) = 900 Gy; 10% survival at 900 Gy), M. multiseptatus was moderately (D(10) = 6000 Gy) and G. obscurus was highly tolerant (D(10) = 9000 Gy). A difference in resistance to high-frequency (λ value = 254 nm) UV was shown by B. saxobsidens, M. multiseptatus, and G. obscurus, being sensitive, tolerant, and highly tolerant (D(10) of 6, 900, and > 3500 kJ m(-2) , respectively). Tolerance to desiccation, mitomycin C and hydrogen peroxide correlated with the ionizing radiation and UV resistance profiles of the three species and were correlated with the pigments synthesized. Resistance to heavy metals/metalloids did not follow the same pattern, with resistance to Ag(2+) and Pb(2+) being similar for B. saxobsidens, M. multiseptatus, and G. obscurus, whereas resistance to AsO4 3-, Cr(2+) , or Cu(2+) was greater for B. saxobsidens than for the other two species. The stress resistance profiles of M. multiseptatus and B. saxobsidens were reflected in different calcarenite colonization patterns. While M. multiseptatus was predominantly isolated from the first two millimeters of stone surface, B. saxobsidens was predominantly isolated from the deeper part of the stone where it is better protected from sun irradiation, suggesting that the response to light- and desiccation-induced oxidative stress is an important driver for niche colonization in the stone biotope.

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“…Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) were grown in TSA (Tryptic Soy Agar) medium (BBL, USA) for 2 days at 37∞C. The other strains were grown in agarized Luedemann medium (Luedemann, 1968) for 5 days at 28∞C.…”

Section: Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and application of two oligonucleotide probes for the identification of Geodermatophilaceae strains using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Urzı̀

Cono

Stackebrandt

2004

Environmental Microbiology

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Bacteria of the family of Geodermatophilaceae are actively involved in the decay processes [Urzì, C. and Realini, M. (1998) Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 42: 45-54; Urzì, C., Salamone, P., Schumann, P., and Stackebrandt, E. (2000) Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50: 529-536] of stone monuments. Characterization of isolates includes phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic analysis often requiring long-term procedures. The use of specific probes for members of Geodermatophilaceae family could be useful for the easy detection of those strains colonizing rock surfaces and involved in the biodeterioration. Two 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were designed for the specific detection of members of the family Geodermatophilaceae using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); one probe specific for members of the two genera Geodermatophilus/Blastococcus and the second for members of the genus Modestobacter.

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Geodermatophilus, a New Genus of the Dermatophilaceae (Actinomycetales)

Cited by 127 publications

References 8 publications

Biodiversity of Geodermatophilaceae isolated from altered stones and monuments in the Mediterranean basin

Biodiversity of Geodermatophilaceae isolated from altered stones and monuments in the Mediterranean basin

Contrasted resistance of stone-dwelling Geodermatophilaceae species to stresses known to give rise to reactive oxygen species

Design and application of two oligonucleotide probes for the identification of Geodermatophilaceae strains using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

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