Geoelectric Evaluation of Aquifer Potential and Vulnerability of Northern Paiko, Niger State, Nigeria

Obiora, Daniel N.; Alhassan, Usman D.; Ibuot, Johnson C.; Okeke, F. N.

doi:10.2175/106143016x14609975746569

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…VES 19, 35 and 43 have resistivity of the soil materials less than 180 Ωm but greater than 60 Ωm, this is an indication of slightly corrosive geomaterials which when in contact with metals pipes can corrode the pipes, hence not suitable for laying underground pipes but concrete and steel underground reservoirs can be constructed for water storage. This result and suggestions compares positively with the works ofObiora et al, 2016. The second layer is practically non-corrosive and is hereby advised that engineers should go beyond the first layer while installing metal pipes beneath the earth surface in those locations whose geomaterials can be slightly or moderately corrosive or install plastic pipes.…”

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confidence: 63%

Evaluation of groundwater repositories in parts of Enugu, Eastern Nigeria via electrical resistivity technique

et al. 2023

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Resistivity survey was carried out in Enugu North, Southeastern Nigeria, in order to evaluate the groundwater condition of the area. The inadequacy of surface water, proper knowledge of the aquifer and increasing population has affected the extraction and development of groundwater in the area. Resistivity, thickness, depth, curve frequencies and protection level were determined. The result revealed a total of 5–6 geoelectric layers with model curves exhibiting the following curve types: KHK taking about 10%; AAKQ, KHAK, KHAA, HKQ, HKQQ and HAA taking 12%, AAA, AKH, HAK and KHKQ taking 24% while AKQ and AAK take 20 and 34%, respectively. The aquifer is within the fourth and fifth layer considering the layer with the largest thickness with the fourth layer taking up to 84% of the aquifers in the study area. The overburden layer resistivity and thickness ranged from 589.8 to 85,094.8 Ωm and 8.9 to 99.5 m with mean values of 42,642.3 Ωm and 54.2 m, respectively. The contour maps were generated using Surfer software package version 15 which show the variation of overburden parameters. The study area was generally considered as having a high protective level as a result of the low values of geophysically based protection index of the aquifer layers and weak to fair GPI rating implying that the aquifer can be protected from infiltrating contaminants. However, high hydraulic conductivity and porosity suggest high groundwater potential and high infiltration of polluted geofluids.

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confidence: 63%

Evaluation of groundwater repositories in parts of Enugu, Eastern Nigeria via electrical resistivity technique

et al. 2023

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“…This method is preferable because of the resistivity contrasts obtained when the groundwater zone is reached. In the basement area, several authors have researched groundwater exploration, evaluation and delineation using geophysical methods (Obiora et al, 2016). The self-potential (or spontaneous polarization, SP) method is based on the surface measurement of natural potential differences resulting from electrochemical reactions in the subsurface (Kearey et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Integrated geophysical methods and techniques for studying the perennial springs in Ikanje- Share, Kwara State, Nigeria

Olawuyi¹,

Bawallah²

2022

Nig J Bas App Sci

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An integrated magnetic, self-potential (S.P.) and electrical resistivity survey involving magnetic profiling and 1D Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) electrical imaging techniques were carried out in the transition environment between the Nupe Basin and Southwestern Nigeria Basement Complex at Ikanje-Share in Kwara State, Nigeria. The Ikanje-Share perennial springs started gaining a lot of attention after many travelers and tertiary institutions in Nigeria made it a good choice for their fieldwork exercise. The surveys were done in order to delineate the subsurface layers, determine the geoelectrical characteristics and identify geological structures (e.g., faults and fractures) that are responsible for the perennial spring formation. The magnetic profiling was used as reconnaissance technique to identify lineament features that are favourable to groundwater accumulation and transmission. Some magnetic lineaments were qualitatively inferred from some profiles in the study area. The fault locations coincide with inflection points in S.P. curves and occur as horizontal and consistent planes of discontinuities at depths of approximately 1.25, 4.25, 8.75, 13.15 and 21.25 m, respectively. The VES interpretation results indicated four to five major geologic units, which include: the topsoil/clay/lateritic layer, the lateritic layer, the weathered basement, the weathered/fractured basement and the fresh bedrock. The weathered and fractured basements constitute the main aquifer units and the overburden thickness varies from 5.0 to 16.8 m. The study has shown the usefulness of integrated geophysical methods and techniques in subsurface structural and groundwater development study over the perennial springs in the transition environment between the Nupe Basin and the Southwestern Nigeria Basement complex.

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“…Hence, it is rarely utilized in geohydraulic evaluation nowadays. The georesistivity methods, on the other hand, are cost-efficient and rapid, and produce quality results with a higher success rate [9,15]. The georesistivity method provides a good correlation between measured resistivity values and groundwater hydraulic parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geohydraulic characteristics and groundwater vulnerability assessment of tropically weathered and fractured gneissic aquifers using combined georesistivity and geostatistical methods

Akingboye

2022

J. Nig. Soc. Phys. Sci.

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Sustainable groundwater yield in aquifers depends on the protective capacity of the subsurface lithologies and conduit systems. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and its Schlumberger vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique were employed to assess the groundwater yield of aquifer units and their vulnerability to contaminants in Araromi (Akungba-Akoko), southwestern Nigeria. Geohydraulic parameters: aquifer resistivity (\rho0), hydraulic conductivity (K), transmissivity (T), permeability (\Psi), hydraulic resistance (KR), and longitudinal conductance (S) were also evaluated. In addition, regression analysis was utilized to establish the empirical relationships between the K and other geohydraulic parameters, with their percentage contributions to posing vulnerability risk. The georesistivity results revealed four distinct layers: topsoil, weathered layer, partially weathered/fractured bedrock unit, and fresh bedrock. The K model regression-assisted analysis showed that the \rho, T, \Psi, and S contributed about 97.8%, 14%, 99.9%, and 11.5%, respectively, to the estimated aquifers’ K values for the study area. Except for T and S, the regression results had moderate to strong positive correlations with K; hence, this illuminates the essentiality of K in assessing groundwater potential and vulnerability. The aquifer units have low to moderate groundwater yield based on T values (1.67-17.57 m/day) caused by the generally thin overburden (<4 m). However, the deep-weathered and fractured aquifer units with depths ranging from 39-55 m could supply high groundwater yield for sustainable abstraction. The estimated S values (0.0226-0.1926 mhos) for aquifer protective capacity ratings rated the aquifer units in the area as poor to weak. Based on the estimated low logarithm of KR (log KR) values of 0.79-2.25 years, these aquifers have extremely high to moderate aquifer vulnerability index. As a result, prospective wells/boreholes in the study area and settings with similar geohydraulic and vulnerability characteristics should be developed adequately to prevent the infiltration of surface contaminants for potable groundwater abstraction.

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Geoelectric Evaluation of Aquifer Potential and Vulnerability of Northern Paiko, Niger State, Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of groundwater repositories in parts of Enugu, Eastern Nigeria via electrical resistivity technique

Evaluation of groundwater repositories in parts of Enugu, Eastern Nigeria via electrical resistivity technique

Integrated geophysical methods and techniques for studying the perennial springs in Ikanje- Share, Kwara State, Nigeria

Geohydraulic characteristics and groundwater vulnerability assessment of tropically weathered and fractured gneissic aquifers using combined georesistivity and geostatistical methods

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