Introduction:Mimon is currently considered a monophyletic genus that comprises two subgenera: Mimon (represented by M. bennettii and M. cozumelae), and the taxon formerly named "Anthorhina" (represented by M. crenulatum and M. koepckeae). However, recent molecular phylogenies show Mimon as a polyphyletic genus within Phyllostomidae.
Methods:Herein, we present a phylogenetic approach based on morphology, which includes all species of the genus Mimon, with emphasis on geographical populations of M. crenulatum. Our data matrix was built with our own examination of M. bennetti (n = 5), M. cozumelae (n = 31), M. crenulatum (n = 181), and M. koepckeae (n = 3) for 91 morphological characters including external, skull-dental and postcraneal traits. The species Lophostoma occidentalis, Trachops cirrhosus, Tonatia saurophila, Phyllostomus discolor, Phylloderma stenops, and Micronycteris megalotis were selected as outgroups. The tree was rooted on M. megalotis. An exhaustive search with 135 unordered characters was performed to find the most parsimonious trees.
Results:A single well-supported tree of 306 steps was obtained. Bootstrap and Jacknife with 10,000 resampling were used as support estimators. The most parsimonious tree confirms Mimon is a polyphyletic genus, where the subgenus Mimon and the taxon formerly named "Anthorhina" are strongly supported but unrelated monophyletic groups.
Discussion and conclusions:In order to solve this taxonomic problem, we recommend the taxon formerly named "Anthorhina" be raised at genus level, but with a new name because "Anthorhina" is a synonym of Tonatia. Finally, we provide an emended diagnosis of Mimon s.s. and the description of a new genus, based on morphological characters used for the phylogeny.Key words: Gardnerycteris nov. gen., morphological, maximun parsimony.Mimon es considerado actualmente un género monofilético conformado por dos subgéneros: Mimon (representado por M. bennettii y M. cozumelae), y el taxón anteriormente llamado "Anthorhina" (representado por M. crenulatum y M. koepckeae). Sin embargo, los recientes resultados de estudios filogenéticos moleculares indican que Mimon es un género parafilético dentro de Phyllostomidae. En el presente estudio se realizó una revisión de et al. (2000). Se obtuvo un único árbol más parsimonioso bien soportado de 306 pasos. El soporte de las ramas fue pesado con Bremer y el remuestreo por Bootstrap y Jacknife con 10,000 réplicas. El árbol más parsimonioso confirma que Mimon es polifilético donde los subgéneros y el taxón anteriormente llamado "Anthorhina" están fuertemente respaldados en nodos no relacionados. Con la finalidad de resolver el surgente problema taxonómico, recomendamos elevar al taxón anteriormente llamado "Anthorhina" a género.Dado que "Anthorhina" es sinónimo de Tonatia, se propone un nuevo nombre. Finalmente, brindamos las diagnosis corregidas de Mimon s.s. y del nuevo género Gardnerycteris, basadas en los caracteres usados en el análisis filogenético.