Geographic Distribution of Two Color Forms, Carboxylesterase Activity, and Chromosome Configuration of the Tobacco Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in North Carolina

Harlow, Chris; Southern, P. S.; Lampert, E. P.

doi:10.1093/jee/84.4.1175

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, the carotenoid genes map to a locus adjacent to the esterase genes that is involved in a well-known reciprocal translocation among autosomes 1 and 3 [Blackman et al, 1999;Monti et al, 2012a;Mandrioli et al, 2014a, b]. According to data published in the scientific literature [Harlow et al, 1991;Yang and Zhang, 2000;Rivi et al, 2012], the A1-A3 translocation is generally found in red M. persicae morphs. The present chromosomal localization and the semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses of carotenoid genes revealed complementary results suggesting that their chromosomal position influences their expression, so changing the amount and type of produced carotenoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, Rivi et al [2013] suggested that rather it was due to a fragmentation occurring at a fragile site located on autosome 3 that was followed by the esterase gene amplification in some strains only. Interestingly, all individuals with the A1-A3 translocation were red morphs [Harlow et al, 1991;Yang and Zhang, 2000;Rivi et al, 2012] suggesting that this chromosomal rearrangement could influence the aphid body colour.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genomic and Cytogenetic Localization of the Carotenoid Genes in the Aphid Genome

Mandrioli

Rivi²,

Nardelli³

et al. 2016

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Data published in the scientific literature suggests a possible link between chromosomal rearrangements involving autosomes 1 and 3 and the presence of red morphs in the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer). In order to begin a study of this relationship, we analysed the genomic and chromosomal location of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in M. persicae and the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), since carotenoids are the basis of the colour in many aphid species. Genomic analysis identified a DNA sequence containing carotenoid genes in synteny between the 2 species. According to the results obtained using in situ PCR, carotenoid genes were located in a subterminal portion of autosome 1 in both species. The same localization has also been observed in the onion aphid Neotoxoptera formosana Takahashi that, as M. persicae and A. pisum, belongs to the tribe Macrosiphini, thereby suggesting a synteny of this chromosomal region in aphids. In situ PCR experiments performed on 2 M. persicae asexual lineages bearing heterozygous translocations involving autosomes 1 and 3 revealed that carotenoid genes were located within chromosomal portions involved in recurrent rearrangements. We also verified by bioinformatics analyses the presence of fragile sites that could explain these recurrent rearrangements in M. persicae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and Cytogenetic Localization of the Carotenoid Genes in the Aphid Genome

Mandrioli

Rivi²,

Nardelli³

et al. 2016

Cytogenet Genome Res

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“…Before 1985, a green morph of the TGPA was the only form reported on tobacco in the southeastern United States (Blackman, 1987). A red morph of the TGPA first occurred on tobacco in 1985 and quickly replaced the green morph as the most common form (Blackman, 1987;Harlow et al, 1991;Lampert and Dennis, 1987;McPherson, 1989). Widespread insecticide resistance to traditional organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates occurred in the late 1980s (Blackman, 1987;Harlow and Lampert, 1990;McPherson and Bass, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the studies conducted by Harlow and colleagues (Harlow and Lampert, 1990;Harlow et al, 1991), there has been little effort to quantify resistance and the factors involved with the help of advanced biochemical and molecular techniques. This was neglected partly due to the species controversy that arose between the tobacco-feeding-form, M. nicotianae Blackman, and the green peach aphid, M. persicae (Blackman, 1987;Clements et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterase‐based resistance in the tobacco‐adapted form of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the eastern United States

Srigiriraju

Semtner

Anderson

et al. 2009

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Organophosphates and carbamates represent alternative insecticides in managing the tobacco-adapted form of the green peach aphid (TGPA), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), a major pest of tobacco in the United States and around the world. General esterases that detoxify these insecticides were assessed in green, red, and orange morphs of field-collected M. persicae. A total of 136 aphid colonies were collected from 2004 though 2007 and screened for total esterase activity. The green morphs had lower esterase levels, with a mean of 77+/-6.6 nmol/min/mg protein, as compared to red (84+/-2.9 nmol/min/mg protein) and orange morphs (172+/-16.5 nmol/min/mg protein). Overall esterase activities, and those for the red and green morphs, were positively correlated with LC(50) values for acephate (organophosphate) and methomyl (carbamate) assessed in leaf-dip bioassays. Esterase genes responsible for higher esterase activities were diagnosed by gene amplification studies. Twenty-three of 24 colonies tested had either the E4 or FE4 gene amplified, both known to confer esterase-based resistance. Fifteen out of the 24 colonies tested had amplified E4 gene and four colonies had FE4 gene amplification. All orange morphs and one green morph had both E4 and FE4 genes amplified. This unique phenotype, where two esterase genes were amplified had an 865-bp band characteristic of the FE4 gene and an additional 381-bp band characteristic of a deleted upstream region of the E4 gene. Changes that occurred in esterase-based resistance in the TGPA over the past two decades and their implications on insecticide resistance management are discussed.

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“…E-mail address : RALF.NAUEN.RN=bayer-ag.de (Sulzer), has been the object of several papers dealing with resistance of this species and the related tobaccofeeding morphs of M. persicae to di †erent types of insecticides, including carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids.1h5 During 1986È1988, numerous accounts of control failure against the tobacco aphid were reported in most tobacco-growing regions of the United States. 6 The predominant form of the normally 133 green-coloured tobacco aphids became the red-coloured morph in most areas of the world. The red-coloured form has some advantages in surviving, developing and reproducing at temperatures above 25¡C, thus probably explaining its predominance in the Ðeld.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifeedant effect, biological efficacy and high affinity binding of imidacloprid to acetylcholine receptors inMyzus persicaeandMyzus nicotianae

et al. 1998

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: It is known from laboratory studies that tobacco-associated forms of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and the closely related tobacco aphid Myzus nicotianae (Blackman) are often somewhat less susceptible to imidacloprid than nontobacco strains of M. persicae. Choice tests (Ñoating leaf technique) showed that tobacco aphids were also less susceptible to the antifeedant potential of imidacloprid in contact bioassays. Synergists like piperonyl butoxide or DEF did not enhance the susceptibility of tobacco-associated morphs of Myzus ssp. to imidacloprid, thus providing evidence that neither oxidative detoxication nor hydrolytic metabolization took place. However, in an attempt to study the inÑuence of endosymbiotic bacteria on the efficacy of imidacloprid, we allowed small populations of tobacco aphids to feed on diets containing the antibiotic chlortetracycline prior to imidacloprid treatment. While the e †ectiveness of imidacloprid, i.e. lower values, could be improved in all strains, including the susceptible LC 50 reference strain, there was no change in overall tolerance factors. In order to investigate any possible alteration of the target site, the affinity of imidacloprid and nicotine to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in whole-aphid homogenates was measured. All strains (and clones) showed the same high-affinity binding sites and no detectable di †erence.Studies using the FAO dip method revealed that the lower susceptibility of M. nicotianae is not restricted to chloronicotinyls like imidacloprid or acetamiprid, because other insecticides with di †erent modes of action such as pymetrozine and Ðpronil were also a †ected in laboratory studies. It is considered that the observed tolerance to chloronicotinyls in certain strains of Myzus ssp. is a natural variation in response, probably not coupled with any known mechanism of resistance in this species complex.1998 SCI ( Pestic. Sci., 53, 133È140 (1998)

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Geographic Distribution of Two Color Forms, Carboxylesterase Activity, and Chromosome Configuration of the Tobacco Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in North Carolina

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Genomic and Cytogenetic Localization of the Carotenoid Genes in the Aphid Genome

Genomic and Cytogenetic Localization of the Carotenoid Genes in the Aphid Genome

Esterase‐based resistance in the tobacco‐adapted form of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the eastern United States

Antifeedant effect, biological efficacy and high affinity binding of imidacloprid to acetylcholine receptors inMyzus persicaeandMyzus nicotianae

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