Geographic Trends in Invasive Candidiasis

Nishikaku, Angela Satie; Melo, Analy Salles de Azevedo; Colombo, Arnaldo Lopes

doi:10.1007/s12281-010-0033-7

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…C. glabrata represents a frequent and emerging pathogen, less susceptible or resistant to azoles and associated with high (29 %) mortality [ 3 , 4 , 17 ]. The distribution of C. glabrata depends on the hospital department (hematology, ICU) and is also geographically related [ 3 , 4 , 17 , 18 ]. In many European countries, including Poland, C. glabrata is the second cause of candidemia [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of blood culture media for the detection of fungi

Nawrot

Kowalska−Krochmal

Sulik-Tyszka

et al. 2014

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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The aim of this study was to compare the utility of BACTEC™ Mycosis-IC/F (Mycosis), BACTEC™ Plus Aerobic/F (Aerobic), and BACTEC™ Plus Anaerobic/F (Anaerobic) media in the detection of fungi from simulated (obtained by the inoculation of tested media first with sterile sheep’s blood and subsequently with one of 60 clinical yeast isolates) and clinical blood samples, taken during routine diagnostic examination in two hospitals. All tested strains grew on Mycosis as well as Aerobic bottles, and the time to detection obtained for Mycosis was significantly shorter (p < 0.05). The largest differences in the time to positivity was found for Candida glabrata and Cryptococcus neoformans, when Mycosis preceded Aerobic in 20–48 h (mean 35.5 h) and 0.7–64 h (mean 24 h), respectively. On the contrary, C. krusei were detected earlier in Aerobic media. In clinical samples, the detection of C. glabrata was also significantly faster in Mycosis than in Aerobic (29.22 ± 11.48 h compared to 86 ± 40 h). The media complement each other and, in 45 % of clinical examination sets, a single positive medium was noted (25 % in Mycosis and 19 % in Aerobic). The study proved that both Aerobic and Mycosis media serve as the correct condition for the culture of fungi and that they varied significantly in the detection time of clinically important species. This result could suggest that the simultaneous use of Aerobic as well as Mycosis media may improve the time of diagnosis in many patients, especially those infected with C. glabrata or C. neoformans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of blood culture media for the detection of fungi

Nawrot

Kowalska−Krochmal

Sulik-Tyszka

et al. 2014

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…Candida species are frequent colonizers of the skin and mucous membranes of animals and their dissemination in nature is widespread [3,4] There are over 350 heterogeneous Candida species but only a few have been implicated in human disease [5]. Although the majority of Candida infections are attributable to Candida albicans, there has been an increase in the rate of infections caused by non-albicans in various parts of the world [6,7,8]. Among these species C. glabrata has emerged as one of the most important opportunistic pathogens to infect a variety of human body sites [9,10], while C.parapsilosis often represents the second most commonly isolated Candida species from blood cultures in many parts of the world [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility ofCandida Species Isolated from Clinical Specimens at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

Sarenje¹,

Lukwesa-Musyani²,

Mwansa³

et al. 2017

IOSRPHR

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ABSTRACT:-Background:Candida species have emerged as successful pathogens worldwide and are associated with immunocompromised patients. Additionally, there is increasing resistance of Candida species to antifungal agents, and this has greatly contributed to the high morbidity and mortality amongst affected patients. In Zambia, little is known about the distribution of Candida species and their antifungal susceptibility patterns. Speciation of Candida species is important as knowledge of the infecting species is important for guiding therapy. The objective of this study was, therefore, to characterise Candida species isolated from different clinical specimens at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. Methods:This was a cross-sectional study involving the identification of 96 Candidaspecies from various clinical specimens, and determination of their antifungal susceptibility patterns. Identification of the isolates was achieved by the use of the API 20C AUX kit, followed by DNA sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer region of the ribosomal DNA, whilst the agar-based E-test, using fluconazole, amphotericin B, flucytosine, and caspofungin, was used for antifungal susceptibility testing. Results: Data obtained showed that Candida albicans were the predominant species (66.7%), followed by C. lusitaniae (12.2%), C. glabrata (6.7%), C. tropicalis (5.6%), C. parapsilosis (3.3%), C. quilliermondii (3.3%), C.pelliculosa (1.1%) and C. keyr (1.1%). Most of the Candida species exhibited high levels of resistance to fluconazole and amphotericin B, but were sensitive to caspofungin and flucytosine. C. albicans was resistant to fluconazole (18.3%,) with an MIC 90 of 256µg/ml and amphotericin B (10%) with MIC 90 of 1.5µg/ml. C. glabrata was the most resistant species against amphotericin B (66.6%) with an MIC 90 of 2µg/ml.C. albicans and most of the non-albicans species exhibited multi-drug resistance. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that identification of Candida species to species level and susceptibility testing are important for accurate treatment of Candida infections.

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“…In some regions in Latin America and Spain, C. parapsilosis occurs at the same or even a higher frequency than does Candida albicans, particularly in bloodstream infections in young children and premature neonates (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). C. parapsilosis is considered a normal or transient inhabitant of the skin and is found on the hands of health care workers who install central venous catheters and other medical devices, thus suggesting a nosocomial route of transmission (7)(8)(9)(10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Inteins in the Candida parapsilosis Complex for Simple and Accurate Species Identification

et al. 2013

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cInteins are coding sequences that are transcribed and translated with flanking sequences and then are excised by an autocatalytic process. There are two types of inteins in fungi, mini-inteins and full-length inteins, both of which present a splicing domain containing well-conserved amino acid sequences. Full-length inteins also present a homing endonuclease domain that makes the intein a mobile genetic element. These parasitic genetic elements are located in highly conserved genes and may allow for the differentiation of closely related species of the Candida parapsilosis (psilosis) complex. The correct identification of the three psilosis complex species C. parapsilosis, Candida metapsilosis, and Candida orthopsilosis is very important in the clinical setting for improving antifungal therapy and patient care. In this work, we analyzed inteins that are present in the vacuolar ATPase gene VMA and in the threonyl-tRNA synthetase gene ThrRS in 85 strains of the Candida psilosis complex (46 C. parapsilosis, 17 C. metapsilosis, and 22 C. orthopsilosis). Here, we describe an accessible and accurate technique based on a single PCR that is able to differentiate the psilosis complex based on the VMA intein. Although the ThrRS intein does not distinguish the three species of the psilosis complex by PCR product size, it can differentiate them by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, this intein is unusually present as both mini-and full-length forms in C. orthopsilosis. Additional population studies should be performed to address whether this represents a common intraspecific variability or the presence of subspecies within C. orthopsilosis.

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Geographic Trends in Invasive Candidiasis

Cited by 19 publications

References 72 publications

Evaluation of blood culture media for the detection of fungi

Evaluation of blood culture media for the detection of fungi

Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility ofCandida Species Isolated from Clinical Specimens at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

Analysis of Inteins in the Candida parapsilosis Complex for Simple and Accurate Species Identification

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