Geographical distribution of health indicators related to snake bites and envenomation in Morocco between 1999 and 2013

Hattimy, Faiçal El; Chafiq, Fouad; Hami, Hinde; Mokhtari, A.; Soulaymani, Abdelmajid; Soulaymani-Bencheikh, Rachida

doi:10.4178/epih.e2018024

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We consistently found that young to middle-aged males (age group = 15–44 years) were most at risk of snakebites, corroborating similar findings from Ghana [22, 23, 24], other parts of West Africa [15, 25, 26, 27, 47, 49, 50] and Africa in general [30, 34, 51, 52, 53]. Adolescent and young men in their twenties are among the most active and adventurous, albeit least cautious, section of rural African people [24, 27, 47, 54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Epidemiology, ecology and human perceptions of snakebites in a savanna community of northern Ghana

et al. 2019

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Background Worldwide, snakebite envenomations total ~2.7 million reported cases annually with ~100,000 fatalities. Since 2009, snakebite envenomation has intermittently been classified as a very important ‘neglected tropical disease’ by the World Health Organisation. Despite this emerging awareness, limited efforts have been geared towards addressing the serious public health implications of snakebites, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where baseline epidemiological and ecological data remain incomplete. Due to poverty as well as limited infrastructure and public health facilities, people in rural Africa, including Ghana, often have no other choice than to seek treatment from traditional medical practitioners (TMPs). The African ‘snakebite crisis’ is highlighted here using regionally representative complementary data from a community-based epidemiological and ecological study in the savanna zone of northern Ghana. Methodology and findings Our baseline study involved two data collection methods in the Savelugu-Nanton District (in 2019 the district was separated into Savelugu and Nanton districts) in northern Ghana, comprising a cross-sectional study of 1,000 residents and 24 TMPs between December 2008 and May 2009. Semi-structured interviews, as well as collection of retrospective snakebite and concurrent rainfall records from the Savelugu-Nanton District Hospital and Ghana Meteorological Authority respectively over 10-years (1999–2008) were used in the study. Variables tested included demography, human activity patterns, seasonality, snake ecology and clinical reports. Complementary data showed higher snakebite prevalence during the rainy season, and a hump-shaped correlation between rainfall intensity and snakebite incidences. Almost 6% of respondents had experienced a personal snakebite, whereas ~60% of respondents had witnessed a total of 799 snakebite cases. Out of a total of 857 reported snakebite cases, 24 (~2.8%) died. The highest snakebite prevalence was recorded for males in the age group 15–44 years during farming activities, with most bites occurring in the leg/foot region. The highest snakebite rate was within farmlands, most severe bites frequently caused by the Carpet viper ( Echis ocellatus ). Conclusion The relatively high community-based prevalence of ~6%, and case fatality ratio of ~3%, indicate that snakebites represent an important public health risk in northern Ghana. Based on the high number of respondents and long recording period, we believe these data truly reflect the general situation in the rural northern savanna zone of Ghana and West Africa at large. We recommend increased efforts from both local and international health authorities to address the current snakebite health crisis generally compromising livelihoods and productivity of rural farming communities in West Africa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Epidemiology, ecology and human perceptions of snakebites in a savanna community of northern Ghana

et al. 2019

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“…We consistently found that young to middle-aged men (age group = 15-44 years) were most at risk of snakebites, corroborating similar findings from Ghana [22, 23, 24], other parts of West Africa [15, 25, 26, 27, 44, 46, 47] and Africa in general [30, 34, 48, 49, 50]. Adolescent and young men in their twenties are among the most active and adventurous, albeit least cautious, section of rural African people [24, 27, 44, 51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Epidemiology, ecology and human perceptions of snakebites in a savanna community of northern Ghana

Musah

Ameade

Attuquayefio

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The data evidenced in the study corroborate with the results of several studies found in the literature in countries such as Morocco, India and Kenya where they show the frequency of men, rural workers and young age group with an average age of 26 years [18][19][20] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Envenenamentos ofídicos em uma região da Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira

Câmara

Silva

Holanda

et al. 2020

jhgd

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Introdução: Os acidentes ofídicos são um problema de saúde pública e são considerados emergências clínicas, motivo este que torna os estudos em regiões de grande incidência muito importantes. Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos de pacientes vítimas de acidentes ofídicos em uma região da Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um transversal, retrospectivo e documental de abordagem quantitativa, no período de 2015 a 2016, realizado no Hospital Regional do Juruá, localizado na cidade de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brasil. Os dados epidemiológicos foram obtidos a partir das fichas do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), no Setor de Vigilância Epidemiológica do hospital. Foram verificadas as seguintes variáveis: mês de ocorrência, identificação da serpente (tipo de acidente), local do acidente (zona urbana e rural), localidade, município, dados da vítima (faixa etária, sexo, região anatômica atingida), sintomas e sinais apresentados, circunstâncias do acidente, tempo decorrido entre o acidente e o atendimento, a quantidade de ampolas utilizadas e o tipo de soro no tratamento das vítimas. Resultados: Foram atendidos em média 124 casos de acidentes ofídicos por ano (76,71 casos por 100.000 habitantes/ano), sendo a maioria acidentes botrópicos e os pacientes constituídos por indivíduos adultos do sexo masculino e trabalhadores rurais, picados nos membros inferiores. Mais de 30% dos casos foram atendidos seis horas após o envenenamento e o atendimento após 24 horas é um fator de risco para complicações, uma vez que sete dos oito pacientes que apresentaram complicações foram atendidos depois de um dia do acidente. Conclusão: Apresentou um crescente constante nos casos, o que gerou um ponto de reflexão preocupante, que pode estar associado a dois fatores, onde um volta-se para a melhora no deslocamento das vítimas (melhorias nas estradas dos ramais e implantação de lancha do SAMU) facilitando mais o transporte e na cobertura de telefonia melhorando a comunicação, ou a falha das políticas de saúde pública na oferta de melhores condições e orientações para a população.

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Geographical distribution of health indicators related to snake bites and envenomation in Morocco between 1999 and 2013

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Epidemiology, ecology and human perceptions of snakebites in a savanna community of northern Ghana

Epidemiology, ecology and human perceptions of snakebites in a savanna community of northern Ghana

Epidemiology, ecology and human perceptions of snakebites in a savanna community of northern Ghana

Envenenamentos ofídicos em uma região da Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira

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