Geographical, secular and ethnic influences in anencephalus

Elwood, J. Mark; Mousseau, Gilles

doi:10.1016/0021-9681(78)90012-7

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Results from the less common ethnic groups are more subject to sampling error, but do suggest a low prevalence in those of Eastern European, and high in those of Asian (all East Indian) origin. The findings parallel those found in Canada for anencephaly by Elwood and Mousseau (1978).…”

Section: Ethnic Originsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Notwithstanding that observation, the female excess in this study closely approximated that recorded in London by Carter and Evans [I9731 where the rate of anencephaly was 2.43, and that of spina bifida 1.43 times that observed here. For anencephaly (0.43) it was the same as that observed in Canada by Elwood and Mousseau [1978] for the period 1950-69. The overall sex ratio was 0.59 for the first and 0.77 for the second half of the study (when the observed rate of anencephaly was higher), and it was 0.66 for both the 6 lowest and 6 highest prevalence years.…”

Section: Sex Ratiosupporting

confidence: 75%

“…There exists significant geographic variation in the incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) [Stevenson et al, 19661, and the recurrence risk for first-degree relatives of the proband tends to parallel the population incidence [Carter and Evans, 1973;Janerich and Piper, 1978;McBride, 19791. Recent studies have documented a worldwide secular decline in the incidence of neural tube defects [Elwood and Mousseau, 1978;Janerich and Piper, 1978;MacMahon and Yen, 1971;Nevin, 1981; Romijn and Treffers, 1983;Windham and Edmonds, 19821. The 1970s saw a renewed Hunter public interest in NTDs concurrent with the development of prenatal diagnosis, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) quantitation on amniotic fluid and maternal serum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural tube defects in Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec: Demography and family data

Hunter

1984

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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This paper reports the results of a study of families in the Eastern Ontario/Western Quebec region who had a child born with a neural tube defect during the years 1969-1981. As in several other geographic areas, the prevalence of neural tube defects at birth has fallen from previous levels. However, there was no evidence of further decline during the period of study. Socioeconomic and ethnic influences were noted, but there was no evidence of seasonal variation or any correlation with maternal age or parity. There was support for a causative role of maternal fever in some cases. The rates of miscarriage varied between pregnancies before and those after the proband, and there was an excess of males born prior to the proband. Family studies showed a 2.4% risk for sibs born after the proband and an excess of affected relatives on the maternal side. Knowledge of rates of occurrence in relatives is useful for counseling and the interpretation of the results of alpha-fetoprotein screening.

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Section: Ethnic Originsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Sex Ratiosupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural tube defects in Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec: Demography and family data

Hunter

1984

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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“…The absence of a maternal age effect with NTD in New Zealand is similar to results from the low prevalence areas of Canada, 4 Finland,39 and NSW. 16 Paternal age was also not found to be a risk factor for NTD prevalence in New Zealand.…”

Section: Maternal Age and Paritysupporting

confidence: 76%

The prevalence of anencephalus and spina bifida in New Zealand

Borman¹,

Cryer²

1993

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Despite the plethora of epidemiological research conducted on anencephalus and spina bifida, few of the studies have used multiple source case ascertainment and controlled for the effect of possible confounding factors. This paper reports the results from a study of the relationships between various risk factors and the prevalence of anencephalus and spina bifida in New Zealand during 1978-82, using case data obtained from multiple sources and a national cohort of births as the denominator. The rates of anencephalus and spina bifida in New Zealand were 0.78/1000 and 0.94/1000 total births, respectively. The rate of a neural tube defect (NTD) birth for Maori parents was less than for their non-Maori counterparts. Paternal ethnic origin and maternal ethnic origin made similar contributions to the model of anencephalus rates, but the results suggest that paternal ethnic origin is a less important risk factor in the prevalence of spina bifida. The rate of both NTD was high among female infants and low among births to women born in countries other than the British Isles and New Zealand. The rate of anencephalus showed a distinct north-south gradient, but there was no evidence of effects for maternal or paternal age, parity, urban-rural place of residence, nuptiality, social class or season of birth in the prevalence of either NTD in New Zealand.

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“…Of 714 unique articles identified, 97 studies were eligible: 8 methodological contributions, 3 review papers, and 86 were empirical applications (Figure ). We retained one abstract that to our knowledge had not been published in full form and excluded one abstract identified through the search that is now published as a full article .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease risk score as a confounder summary method: systematic review and recommendations

Tadrous

Gagne

Stürmer

et al. 2012

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug

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Purpose To systematically examine trends and applications of the disease risk score (DRS) as a confounder summary method. Methods We completed a systematic search of MEDLINE and Web of Science® to identify all English language articles that applied DRS methods. We tabulated the number of publications by year and type (empirical application, methodological contribution, or review paper) and summarized methods used in empirical applications overall and by publication year (<2000, ≥2000). Results Of 714 unique articles identified, 97 examined DRS methods and 86 were empirical applications. We observed a bimodal distribution in the number of publications over time, with a peak 1979-1980, and resurgence since 2000. The majority of applications with methodological detail derived DRS using logistic regression (47%), used DRS as a categorical variable in regression (93%), and applied DRS in a non-experimental cohort (47%) or case-control (42%) study. Few studies examined effect modification by outcome risk (23%). Conclusion Use of DRS methods has increased yet remains low. Comparative effectiveness research may benefit from more DRS applications, particularly to examine effect modification by outcome risk. Standardized terminology may facilitate identification, application, and comprehension of DRS methods. More research is needed to support the application of DRS methods, particularly in case-control studies.

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Geographical, secular and ethnic influences in anencephalus

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Neural tube defects in Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec: Demography and family data

Neural tube defects in Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec: Demography and family data

The prevalence of anencephalus and spina bifida in New Zealand

Disease risk score as a confounder summary method: systematic review and recommendations

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