Geohelminth Infections and Nutritional Status of Preschool Aged Children in a Periurban Settlement of<i>Ogun State</i>

Omitola, Olaitan Olamide; Mogaji, Hammed Oladeji; Oluwole, Akinola Stephen; Adeniran, Adebiyi A.; Alabi, Oladimeji Michael; Ekpo, Uwem Friday

doi:10.1155/2016/7897351

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Individual-level factors like not wearing shoes was significantly associated with STH infection. In a study conducted in Peru, playing with soil, not wearing sandals, and picking food from the ground were common habits found among PSAC infected with STH [42]. Also, not using improved water source for drinking was significantly associated with STH infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis among pre-school age children in a rural setting of Busia County, Western Kenya: a cross-sectional study of prevalence, and associated exposures

et al. 2020

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Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and schistosomiasis continue to cause serious health problems among affected communities. To ensure that infection transmission levels are reduced, repeated mass drug administration at regular intervals has been recommended by World Health Organization. Preschool age children (PSAC) have been neglected both in terms of research activities and in control programmes in the past for reasons that they carry insignificant infection levels. The current study determined risk factors that contribute to differences in infection prevalence among enrolled and non-enrolled PSAC in Busia County, western Kenya. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study that compared STH and Schistosoma mansoni infections among enrolled and non-enrolled PSAC in Busia County. Simple random sampling was used to select study participants. A total of 327 enrolled and 326 non-enrolled PSAC (n = 653) were recruited from five participating schools, and the neighboring villages. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 14 (STATA Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Differences in proportions were assessed using the z-test statistic for testing sample proportions. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to test the associations between the variables. Results: The prevalence of STH and Schistosoma mansoni infection was 17.0% (95%CI: 13.1-22.1), and 11.8% (95%CI:11.0-12.9) respectively. Specific STH species prevalence were 12.9% (95%CI:7.0-23.5) for Trichuris trichiura, 8.3% (95%CI:8.2-8.3) for Ascaris lumbricoides, and 1.2% (95%CI:1.2-1.2) for hookworms. Prevalence of T. trichiura was higher among enrolled PSAC 16.9% (95%CI: 6.8-41.9); p = 0.003, compared to the non-enrolled 8.9% (95%CI:4.3-18.2). From univariable analysis, lack of improved water source for drinking OR 2.01, (95%CI:1.29-3.13); p = 0.002, and not wearing shoes OR 3.42, (95%CI:1.14-10.29); p = 0.028, were some of the significant factors associated with STH infection. While for multivariable analysis, bathing/ swimming in a river daily, aOR 3.99 (95%CI:1.98-8.06); p = 0.001 was a key significant factor for S. mansoni infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis among pre-school age children in a rural setting of Busia County, Western Kenya: a cross-sectional study of prevalence, and associated exposures

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, children wearing protective shoes often remove it when playing on soil because they mostly have one and need to make the shoe last longer; thereby getting exposed to active penetration of infective hookworm larvae when playing in contaminated soil in their environment [ 25 ]. Inadequate use of footwears is a risk factor in the transmission of hookworm infections [ 19 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anthropometric data of height, recumbent length (children < 2 years) and weight were obtained as described [ 19 , 21 ]. Urine samples were examined for micro-haematuria and S. haematobium ova using reagent strip and sedimentation method [ 20 ].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis, intestinal helminthiasis and nutritional status among preschool-aged children in sub-urban communities of Abeokuta, Southwest, Nigeria

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveSchistosomiasis and intestinal helminthiasis are major public health problems with school-aged children considered the most at-risk group. Pre-school aged children (PSAC) are excluded from existing control programs because of limited evidence of infections burden among the group. We assessed the prevalence of infections and effect on nutritional status of preschool aged children in Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria.ResultsA community-based cross-sectional study involving 241 children aged 0–71 months was conducted in 4 sub-urban communities of Abeokuta. Urine and faecal samples were collected for laboratory diagnosis for parasites ova. Nutritional status determined using age and anthropometric parameters was computed based on World Health Organization 2006 growth standards. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics analysis, Chi square, t-test and ANOVA. Of 167 children with complete data, 8 (4.8%) were infected with Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosoma mansoni 6 (3.6%); Taenia species 84 (50.3%); Ascaris lumbricoides 81 (48.5%) and hookworm 63 (37.7%). Overall, 46.7% of the children were malnourished, 39.5% stunted, 22.8% underweight and 11.4% exhibiting wasting/thinness. Mean values of anthropometric indices were generally lower in children with co-infection than those with single infection. We observed low level of schistosomiasis but high prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis and poor nutritional status that calls for inclusion of PSAC in control programs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-017-2973-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…However, recent reviews of the impact of treatment by Cochrane and the Campbell collaboration have reported only weak evidence for weight gain and none on height gain after treatment [9,10]. The effect on preschool children has been less extensively studied, but several papers have suggested some association [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prevalence survey of enteral parasites in preschool children in the Mangochi District of Malawi

et al. 2019

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Background: Helminthic and protozoan infections are common, particularly in low-or middle-income countries. Although an association between parasite carriage and markers of poor growth have been shown in some studies, systematic reviews have suggested only a modest impact of clearing carriage. The prevalence of these pathogens and the effect that they have on growth in preschool children has never been investigated in Malawi. Methods: One hundred ninety-three children aged 0-72 months were randomly recruited from rural villages in the Mangochi district of Malawi. Formol-ether concentration was performed on stool and the samples examined with a light microscope. Anthropometric data was taken for each child and the haemoglobin measured with a point of care test. Results: The mean age of the children was 2 years 4 months. Overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was 37.3%. Protozoa were found in 28.5% of children, while helminths were found in 8.8%. The most commonly found organisms were Giardia lambia (12.4%), Entamoeba coli (10.4%) and Hookworm species (3.6%). Stunting was seen in 47.8% of children, 12.9% were underweight and 5.0% were wasted. No significant association was found between markers of poor growth and infection with any intestinal parasite. Conclusions: We found that prevalence of helminth infection was low in preschool children living in the Mangochi district compared to international standards. However a significant proportion of the preschool population are infected with protozoa, particularly Giardia lambia. In this cohort, despite a significant prevalence of stunting, helminth infection was not significantly associated with any markers of poor growth. The significance of protozoal carriage and contribution to growth restriction in this context creates further avenues for future research.

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Geohelminth Infections and Nutritional Status of Preschool Aged Children in a Periurban Settlement ofOgun State

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis among pre-school age children in a rural setting of Busia County, Western Kenya: a cross-sectional study of prevalence, and associated exposures

Soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis among pre-school age children in a rural setting of Busia County, Western Kenya: a cross-sectional study of prevalence, and associated exposures

Schistosomiasis, intestinal helminthiasis and nutritional status among preschool-aged children in sub-urban communities of Abeokuta, Southwest, Nigeria

A prevalence survey of enteral parasites in preschool children in the Mangochi District of Malawi

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