Geolingüística de los pronombres de 1pl y 2pl en las lenguas romances del siglo XX

Abstract

Geolingüística de los pronombres de 1pl y 2pl en las lenguas romances del siglo XX Geolinguistics of the 1pl and 2pl pronouns in the Romance languages of the 20th centuryONOMÁZEIN 44 (junio de 2019): 217-245 ONOMÁZEIN 44 (junio de 2019): 217 -245Víctor Lara Bermejo Geolingüística de los pronombres de 1pl y 2pl en las lenguas romances del siglo xx 218 Las distintas lenguas romances heredaron del latín los pronombre tónicos nos y vos de 1pl y 2pl, respectivamente. Sin embargo, el surgimiento de las formas complejas nos alteros / vos alteros en toda la Romania occidental y central alrededor del siglo xiii produjo la sustitución de las formas simples por las compuestas en ciertas variedades, la convivencia de las dos en algunas o su no imposición en otras. Con el fin de cartografiar estas realidades en el siglo xx y dar una explicación lingüística a las mismas, mostramos los resultados de los atlas dialectales AIS, ALF y ALPI.The different Romance languages inherited from Latin the stressed pronouns nos and vos of 1pl and 2pl, respectively. However, the emergence of the compound forms nos alteros / vos alteros throughout the western and central Romania approximately in the 13th century triggered the replacement of the simple forms by the compound ones in certain varieties, the coexistence of both strategies in some, or their disappearance in others. With the aim to map these realities in the 20th century and provide a linguistic explanation, I will show the results from the dialect atlases AIS, ALF and ALPI. Abstract ResumenPalabras clave: primera persona del plural; segunda persona del plural; geolingüística; lenguas romances.

The emergence and history oftuteo,voseoandustedeo

“…In the former case, the lexicalisation of vosotros settled as a substitute for vós informal plural, first in a prepositional phrase, later as a topic and finally also as a subject, as explained above. This gradual change also occurred in Catalan, French and Italian, as shown by Lara Bermejo (2019). Specifically, the French and Italian dialects show that vous autres and voi altri are geographically diffused over a larger area when they work as topics and in the prepositional domain, rather than when they appear as subjects.…”

“…The former option arises in the appearance and subsequent establishment of the pronoun vosotros over vós in the 14th century. García et al (1990) and Lara Bermejo (2019) point out that vosotros did not emerge at the same time in all the syntactic contexts likely to appear. As it is often the case in any linguistic change, the innovation gradually takes over the contexts of the one it wants to eliminate.…”

“…The reason is simple: since Spanish is a pro drop language, the probability for a stressed pronoun to appear is greater in a prepositional phrase. Moreover, Lara Bermejo (2019) remarks the importance of the topic in the continuum of this diffusion. To summarise, the generalisation of vosotros to the detriment of vós was subject to the following continuum: prepositional phrase> topic> subject.…”