Geological investigations at a high altitude, remote coal mine on the Northwest Pakistan and Afghanistan frontier, Karakoram Himalaya

Donnelly, Laurance

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2004.04.004

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…By the end of the Lower Jurassic the Cimmerian event no longer had an effect in the Karakorum. A succession of wackestone-packstone, with lenses of evaporites and alternatively few coals seams Donnelly 2004) developed during the Middle Jurassic. Higher up, we did not discover clear evidence of Upper Jurassic or Early Cretaceous.…”

Section: A Brief Look At the Geology Of The Karakorummentioning

confidence: 99%

Blank on the Geological Map

Gaetani

2015

Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei

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Section: A Brief Look At the Geology Of The Karakorummentioning

confidence: 99%

Blank on the Geological Map

Gaetani

2015

Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei

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“…When workers enter the site for work, the air volume pressed into the air duct should be calculated according to the minimum dust discharge air velocity determined on the site, as shown in Equation (6).…”

Section: Air Duct and Oxygen Supply Duct Air Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under the premise of the national policy of western development and the further development of mining technology and equipment [2][3][4][5], the mining of mineral resources is gradually developing towards the high-altitude areas in western China. Many of the mines, such as Reshit Mine [6], Huatailong Mine [7], and Pulang Copper Mine [8] are located at altitudes in excess of 3000 m. However, high altitude areas have unique climatic conditions of low pressure and lack of oxygen [9,10]. When the altitude rises, people who are not quickly adapted to the high-altitude environment will suffer from altitude sickness [11], which can even increase from mild acute altitude sickness to the more devastating high altitude cerebral oedema [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of controlled circulating ventilation and oxygen supply scheme for high-altitude mine heading face based on CFD

Zhang¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

3rd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling, and Intelligent Computing (CAMMIC 2023)

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With the depletion of mineral resources in the plains, Chinese mining industry has shifted to higher altitudes where low pressure and low oxygen has become a bottleneck limiting further development of mining technology. The traditional diffusion type of oxygen supply has low oxygen utilization. Controlled circulation ventilation offers a good alternative for oxygen supply to workers in high altitude mines. In this study, a CFD approach was used to conduct a single factor analysis of circulating duct height, distance between circulating duct outlet and heading face, oxygen supply duct height, forcing duct air velocity and circulating duct air velocity to investigate their effects on the oxygen mass fraction located at the heading face. In addition, an orthogonal experiment was designed to analyze the effect of the above five factors on the distribution of oxygen mass fraction in the heading face. The results showed that the effect of forcing duct air velocity on the oxygen mass fraction in the heading face was the greatest. The average oxygen mass fraction in the heading face is highest when the height of circulating duct was 0.9 m, the distance between circulating duct outlet and heading face was 2 m, the height of oxygen supply duct was 1.0 m, the air velocity of forcing duct was 3 m/s and the air velocity of circulating duct was 2.5 m/s.

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“…The impacts of mining on the natural environment and socioeconomic conditions have been studied and documented by several researchers in the region (Huang et al 2009;IUCN Pakistan 2009;Riaz et al 2015). Uncontrolled mining practices such as blasting with dynamite have led to vegetation loss, soil erosion, and disturbance to wildlife in Pakistan (Donnelly 2004;Wu et al 2014a). Coal mining has adversely affected the composition and structure of vegetation in the Nokrek Biosphere Reserve in Meghalaya, India (Sarma and Barik 2011).…”

Section: Miningmentioning

confidence: 99%