Geology and mineral resources of the Chitral-Partsan area, Hindu Kush Range, northern Pakistan

Calkins, James Alfred; Jamiluddin, S.; Bhuyan, K.; Hussain, Abid

doi:10.3133/pp716g

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has previously been mapped from Yasin westwards as the Naz Bar Fault (Matsushita & Huzita, 1965;Calkins et al 1981) but not recognized as an important suture. The melange contains blocks of volcanic greenstone, limestone, red shale, conglomerate, quartzite and serpentinite in a matrix of strongly cleaved slate with some coarser clastic interbeds.…”

Section: The Northern Suture Fault Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

The Northern Suture, Pakistan: margin of a Cretaceous island arc

Pudsey

1986

Geol. Mag.

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Northern Suture is a fault separating the Cretaceous Kohistan island arc terrain (northwest Himalayas) from Palaeozoic sediments of the Asian Plate to the north. The Kohistan arc includes volcanic and sedimentary rocks (andesitic lavas, tuffs, volcaniclastics, slates and limestones), metamorphosed to greenschist facies and intruded by the two-phase Kohistan Batholith. Asian continental margin sediments are mainly of shelf type, are variably, metamorphosed and intruded by the Karakoram Batholith. The Northern Suture is a zone of melange from 150 m to 4 km wide, and contains blocks of volcanic greenstone, limestone, red shale, conglomerate, quartzite and serpentinite in a slate matrix. It has a strong planar fabric; but in many places bedding is preserved in blocks and matrix, and depositional rather than tectonic contacts are seen between the two.

show abstract

Section: The Northern Suture Fault Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

The Northern Suture, Pakistan: margin of a Cretaceous island arc

Pudsey

1986

Geol. Mag.

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The only significant work carried out in the Gharam Chasma region, northwest of Chitral, has been to examine the economic potential of tungsten and other mineralization (Austromineral 1978;Calkins et al 1981;Leake et al 1989). These workers identified small bodies of unfoliated and foliated leucogranite intruded into medium-grade metasediments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological evolution of the Hindu Kush, NW Frontier Pakistan: active margin to continent-continent collision zone

Hildebrand

Searle

Shakirullah

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A geological map of the eastern Hindu Kush, northwest of Chitral, Northern Pakistan, is presented. The lithologies are placed into two main categories, divided by the Tirich Mir Fault Zone. To the northwest, the units of the eastern Hindu Kush are dominated by monotonous sequences of graphite-rich pelitic rocks. Southeast of the fault, the phyllites and diamictites are thought to be lateral equivalents of the Northern Sedimentary Belt of the Karakoram. A structural analysis of the area studied identifies a major, early deformation phase which is usually characterized by tight to isoclinal folding with a well developed axialplanar schistosity. This deformation is thought to have been related to the northward-directed subduction and accretion beneath the southern margin of Asia during the Mesozoic, and may have taken place over a considerable period of time. A major phase of crustal melting at c. 24 Ma generated migmatites and biotite + muscovite ± garnet ± tourmaline leucogranites (including dykes and the Gharam Chasma pluton). This age is comparable to that of the Baltoro pluton in the Karakoram to the east, confirming the regional importance of crustal melting along the southern margin of the Asian plate during the earliest Miocene. The crustal melting was associated with thrusting and folding of the earlier schistosity. Subhorizontal stretching lineations indicate a phase of strike-slip deformation that is thought to have been associated with anticlockwise rotation of the regional foliation strike from E to NE and N after the emplacement of the Gharam Chasma pluton at c. 24 Ma. This deformation and rotation was probably a direct result of the northward-moving Indian plate forcing Kohistan to indent into Asia, resulting in a left-lateral transpressional tectonic environment which remains today. The anomalous height of the Tirich Mir massif, relative to other peaks in the Hindu Kush and the nearby Hindu Raj, may be accounted for by the onset of this transpression.Intensely active seismicity to depths of 300 km beneath the Hindu Kush is associated with seismic shear wave velocities that are significantly faster than those beneath Tibet, where earthquake occurrence is restricted to the upper crust, and previous geophysical studies indicate elevated thermal conditions and possible crustal melts. U-Pb ages suggest that post-India-Asia collision crustal melting beneath the Hindu Kush is restricted to c. 24 Ma, whereas in the Karakoram, the record is both more voluminous and more continuous from c. 37 to c. 9 Ma. These observations reflect major differences in the thermal histories of these regions, where the relatively cooler conditions beneath the Hindu Kush are associated with continental subduction-related seismicity.

show abstract

“…As reported by Calkins et al (1981), the chlorite schist of the Gawuch Gol locality (Shishi valley, NW Kohistan) contains numerous sheared and altered zones, mostly related to the major faults in the area. These shear zones contain traces of galena, secondary malachite, and azurite.…”

Section: Comparison Of Highly Magnetized Areas With Metallic Mineral mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Thermomagnetic analysis in air shows no significant increase in intensity during cooling ( Figure 6c). Thermomagnetic analysis in an argon atmosphere, however, shows a spectacular increase in magnetic intensity at about 600 °C during cooling (Figure 6d), indicating that magnetite has formed during heating due to a breakdown of iron sulfides, which are present here in veins and shear zones (Calkins et al, 1981). Microscopic observations (Zaman and Torii, 1999) recognize very finegrained secondary hematite in the studied material and paleomagnetic directions reported from the same rock unit (Zaman and Torii, 1999) yield present-day geomagnetic field directions suggesting recent precipitation of hematite by enhanced thermochemical/metamorphic activity along the NSZ.…”

Section: Northern Suture Zone (Nw Kohistan)mentioning

confidence: 91%