Geomatics Documentation Techniques as Monitoring Tools for Rural Built Heritage in Nabón (Ecuador)

Abstract

Abstract. Since 2008, the Ecuadorian Constitution gave all the rights and responsibilities to the municipalities to preserve and enhance their cultural and natural heritage. Despite the heritage richness of Nabón, historically has been considered as a poor and under development territory of the province and the country. Nevertheless, for small and rural territories like Nabón in Azuay's Province (Ecuador), the resources intended for cultural conservation are usually scarce and/or limited, and consequently it reduces the potential development of appropriate measures and preventive conservation. Because of this, the present cooperation project between international institutions aims to reverse this situation generating an appropriate working methodology with the collaboration of architects and geomatics engineers. The latter experts have been developing their profession in the field of heritage in recent times generating the geometric documentation of heritage and enhancing it by disseminating and visualizing it through geoportals and the use of mobile applications. All this geometric documentation, altogether with historical and cultural heritage information available will make it possible to monitor the existing heritage in the site, inasmuch as until now no official monitoring instrument has been established in this Ecuadorian province.

Mapatón patrimonial: documentación y visualización 3D. Aplicación en Cantón Nabón (Ecuador)

“…Para la realización del mapatón patrimonial (Figura 3) es necesario previamente conocer el patrimonio existente en Cantón Nabón, su gestión municipal y nacional para poder seleccionar los elementos a mapear y documentar, conocer las técnicas geomáticas que permitan una documentación geométrica profesional del patrimonio (Collado et al, 2021b), así como aquellas herramientas geomáticas de bajo coste y accesibles que posibiliten la realización de una cobertura fotográfica decente, conocer el procedimiento para la obtención de productos gráficos y cartográficos 2D/3D mediante un software específico en procesado fotogramétrico, así como el geoportal web que permita la visualización y difusión de los resultados obtenidos (Collado et al, 2022).…”

A Web-Based Geoinformation System for Heritage Management and Geovisualisation in Cantón Nabón (Ecuador)

“…UAV-DAP has shown very rapid development in cultural heritage, especially in archaeological excavation areas and architectural complexes, where it offers a detailed generation of 3D data including the possibility of updating over time [26]. The Agisoft Pho-toScan software was used to process all the photographs and yield metric deliverables in the form of orthoimages and photorealistic 3D models [27]. All this processing run on a MSI GP75 Leopard 9SD laptop with Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-9750H CPU, 1TB SSD storage and a powerful NVIDIA GeForce(R) graphics card.…”

“…These phenomena, such as floods, volcanic activity, vandalism and pollution, among others, are risks that in turn affect cultural heritage. In this way, the implementation and use of geomatics techniques make it possible to monitor this geographic heritage information over time, creating an integrated work system from its documentation to its visualisation [27].…”