Geomorphic Characteristics and Morphologic Dating of the Allah Bund Fault Scarp, Great Rann of Kachchh, Western India

Padmalal, Akash; Khonde, Nitesh; Maurya, D. M.; Shaikh, Mohamedharoon A.; Kumar, Abhishek; Vanik, Naimisha; Chamyal, L. S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99341-6_3

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…16,17,and 18). Quaternary tectonic activity along various faults of the KRB is also confirmed by using Neotectonic, tectono-geomorphic and paleoseismic, GIS, and remote sensing techniques (Thakkar et al 1999, 2012a, b, 2020a, Thakkar 2018aMaurya et al 2003aMaurya et al , b, c, 2008Maurya et al , 2013Maurya et al , 2016Patidar et al 2007Patidar et al , 2008Malik et al 2008Malik et al , 2017Prizomwala et al 2014aPrizomwala et al , b, 2016aPrizomwala et al , 2016bPrizomwala et al , 2019Goyal et al 2015;Kothyari et al 2015Kothyari et al , 2016aKothyari et al , b, c, 2018Kothyari et al , 2019Kothyari et al , 2020aKothyari et al , 2020bKothyari et al , 2020cDas et al 2016aDas et al , b, 2017Das et al , 2019Das et al , 2020Padmalal et al 2019;Bhattacharya et al 2019;Dumka et al 2019;Shaikh et al 2019Shaikh et al , 2020Kandregula et al 2020;Lakhote et al 2020a, b;Mishra et al 2020;Rajendran et al 2020). Quaternary climate and sea level processes also resulted in fluvial, aeolian, and marine erosional and depositional features in the Kachchh landscape, and Quaternary sediments are found along the coast, and the Rann exposes some spectacular evidence of sea level changes.…”

Section: Significance Of Neotectonics and Palaeoseismic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 78%

The Unique Geoheritage of the Kachchh (Kutch) Basin, Western India, and its Conservation

et al. 2021

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The Kachchh Basin is a peri-cratonic rift basin in the Gujarat state of Western India which exposes a vast range of geological features which are of great importance for basic and applied research by geoscientists. The fossil-rich stratigraphy of the Kachchh Basin represents the past 200 million years of geological history from the Jurassic Period to the present day, including through the Neogene Period. Both Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequences are highly fossiliferous with a variety of mega, macro, and microfossils, including invertebrate, plant, trace, and vertebrate fossils. Crucially, the Kachchh Rift Basin demonstrates a uniquely well exposed, syn to post-rift tectono-sedimentary sequence formed from the Late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous during the break up of Eastern Gondwanaland. The basin is bounded by reactivated primary faults forming tilted horsts and half-grabens. Tilted-up edges of the uplifted fault blocks are represented by uplifted hilly ranges, whereas the intervening subsiding blocks are the geomorphological expression of the low-lying Rann and Banni plains (mudflats, marshes, and grassland). This activity was followed by an inversion cycle initiated in Late Early Cretaceous following the aborting of the rift and is active in the present neotectonic cycle. Thick Deccan Trap lava flows and basic intrusive bodies indicate associated deeper crustal and mantle processes associated with this rift basin evolution. Easily accessed, well-exposed continuous sedimentary sequences with scanty vegetation provide a unique window of opportunity to looking into the geological past of this unique landscape which has preserved the evidence of the evolution of life both in near shore, coastal, and terrestrial environment, as well as a rare opportunity to understand a history of syn/post-rift-fill sedimentation, volcanism, and tectono-geomorphical evolution. More recently the terrain has become a hotspot amongst the planetary scientists as it provides a terrestrial analogue for Lunar and Martian landscapes. These and many other features justify why the unique geological heritage of the Kachchh Basin should be conserved for posterity not only for geoscientists from all over the world but also for local communities and visitors who could learn from its 200 million year history. We therefore propose that the landscapes of the Kachchh Basin should be conserved as a National Geopark in India to achieve such ambitions, and we believe that in this, they have an immense potential to achieve many of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. It is proposed to create 9 geo-stations (for administration) and 75 geosites grouped under these stations within the proposed Kachchh Geopark.

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Section: Significance Of Neotectonics and Palaeoseismic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 78%

The Unique Geoheritage of the Kachchh (Kutch) Basin, Western India, and its Conservation

et al. 2021

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“…The KRB is a ∼W‐striking pericratonic palaeo‐rift graben that is currently undergoing active co‐seismic deformation, as evidenced by large magnitude earthquakes, including the 1819 Allahbund earthquake ( M w 7.8) and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake ( M w 7.7) (Chung and Gao, 1995; Padmalal et al ., 2019). The KRB was formed by rifting under an extensional stress regime in the Early Jurassic, followed by a basin inversion phase under a compressional stress regime during the Cenozoic (Biswas, 1993; Maurya et al ., 2017a, 2021a; Shaikh et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Regional Geological Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the near‐surface trace of the seismically active Kachchh Mainland Fault and its lateral extension in the blind zone, Western India

Maurya

Chowksey

Shaikh

et al. 2022

Near Surface Geophysics

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The W-WNW-striking Kachchh Mainland Fault (KMF) is the largest intra-basinal fault in the Kachchh Rift Basin (KRB) located at the western continental margin of the Indian plate, and is responsible for several historic earthquakes, including the 2001 Bhuj earthquake and the 1956 Anjar earthquake. The objective of the study is to constrain the precise location and near-surface characteristics of the KMF using field and ground penetrating radar (GPR) studies. Efforts were also made to ascertain and map the eastward continuity of the KMF. The fault has a prominent geomorphic expression up to the east of Devisar, where the KMF scarp finally dies out. The KMF marks the lithotectonic contact between Mesozoic rocks in the south and Tertiary rocks in the north. The segmented nature of the KMF has been previously attributed to transverse faults, complex deformation zones and heterogeneous assemblages of unconformable Quaternary deposits. Eight survey sites between Nirona and Sikra were chosen for near-surface investigation of KMF using GPR. Comparatively, high-amplitude radar reflections were received from well-compacted sand-and shale-rich Mesozoic rocks, whereas low-amplitude weak reflections were observed from softer and clay-rich Tertiary rocks. In the upper section of the GPR profiles, Quaternary deposits display lowto moderate-amplitude semi-continuous to wavy reflections. The traceable length of the KMF has been extended eastward by ∼20 km through the current study, which is considered a blind zone as feeble surficial evidence is present, but the fault trace is confirmed near the surface using GPR. The eastern part of the KMF is inferred to be a near-vertical north-dipping normal fault based on GPR data analysis. The tendency of the KMF to transform into a reverse fault in the vicinity of the intersection with transverse faults implies zones of relatively higher stress accumulation that might activate and trigger devastating earthquakes in the future.

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“…The youthfulness of the topography in terms of neotectonics is characterized by young features like fault scarps, receding scarps, deep bedrock gorges, caves, canyons, triangular facets, mountain fronts, deep valley incisions, warpings, gullied surface, meanders, offset, deflected and anastomosing drainages, knick points. The Quaternary tectonic activities along various faults of the Kutch Basin is also confirmed by implementing Neotectonic, tectono-geomorphic and paleoseismic, GIS, and Remote sensing aspects (Thakkar et al 1999(Thakkar et al , 2001(Thakkar et al , 2012a(Thakkar et al , b, 2018a(Thakkar et al , b, 2020aRajendran and Rajendran 2001;Maurya et al 2003aMaurya et al , b, c, 2008Maurya et al , 2013Maurya et al , 2016Patidar et al 2007;Malik et al 2008Malik et al , 2017Prizomwala et al 2014aPrizomwala et al , b, 2016aPrizomwala et al , b, 2019Goyal et al 2015;Kothyari et al 2015Kothyari et al , 2016aKothyari et al , b, c, 2018Kothyari et al , 2019Kothyari et al , 2020aKothyari et al , b, 2021Das et al 2016aDas et al , b, 2017Das et al , 2020Padmalal et al 2019;Bhattacharya et al 2019;Dumka et al 2019;Shaikh et al 2019Shaikh et al , 2020Kandregula et al 2020Kandregula et al , 2021Lakhote et al 2020a, b;Rajendran et al 2020;Mishra et al 2020, Jani et al 2021. Dumka et al (2019) worked out a Global Positioning Syste...…”

Section: Tectonic Framework and Structural Stylementioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to Geology of the Kachchh (Kutch) Basin, Western India

2021

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Geomorphic Characteristics and Morphologic Dating of the Allah Bund Fault Scarp, Great Rann of Kachchh, Western India

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

The Unique Geoheritage of the Kachchh (Kutch) Basin, Western India, and its Conservation

The Unique Geoheritage of the Kachchh (Kutch) Basin, Western India, and its Conservation

Mapping the near‐surface trace of the seismically active Kachchh Mainland Fault and its lateral extension in the blind zone, Western India

Introduction to Geology of the Kachchh (Kutch) Basin, Western India

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