Geomorphic controls on the diversity and patterns of fluvial forms along longitudinal profiles

Khan, Sana; Fryirs, Kirstie; Ralph, Timothy J.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2021.105329

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The ease with which these reach‐based topographic signatures can be generated facilitates examination of downstream river dynamics within a watershed, as well as comparisons of watershed‐scale patterns across regions. Bedrock reaches and dams (identified along the top of Figure 8) represent ‘imposed controls’ on channel and floodplain morphology and SSP (Khan et al, 2021; Stanford & Ward, 1993; Wohl, 2021). In a longitudinal context, these imposed controls represent fixed elevations or knick points that influence slope, sediment volumes, and grain size distributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrain‐derived measures for basin conservation and restoration planning

Matt

Underwood

Diehl

et al. 2023

River Research & Apps

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Centuries of human development have altered the connectivity of rivers, adversely impacting ecosystems and the services they provide. Significant investments in natural resource projects are made annually with the goal of restoring function to degraded rivers and floodplains and protecting freshwater resources. Yet restoration projects often fall short of their objectives, in part due to the lack of systems‐based strategic planning. To evaluate channel‐floodplain (dis)connectivity and erosion/incision hazard at the basin scale, we calculate Specific Stream Power (SSP), an estimate of the energy of a river, using a topographically based, low‐complexity hydraulic model. Other basin‐wide SSP modeling approaches neglect reach‐specific geometric information embedded in Digital Elevation Models. Our approach leverages this information to generate reach‐specific SSP‐flow curves. We extract measures from these curves that describe (dis)connected floodwater storage capacity and erosion hazard at individual design storm flood stages and demonstrate how these measures may be used to identify watershed‐scale patterns in connectivity. We show proof‐of‐concept using 25 reaches in the Mad River watershed in central Vermont and demonstrate that the SSP results have acceptable agreement with a well‐calibrated process‐based model (2D Hydraulic Engineering Center's River Analysis System) across a broad range of design events. While systems‐based planning of regional restoration and conservation activities has been limited, largely due to computational and human resource requirements, measures derived from low‐complexity models can provide an overview of reach‐scale conditions at the regional level and aid planners in identifying areas for further restoration and/or conservation assessments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrain‐derived measures for basin conservation and restoration planning

Matt

Underwood

Diehl

et al. 2023

River Research & Apps

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“…Dry sieving was performed at 1 phi intervals and a sediment distribution plot used to calculate D16, D50 and D84 grain size. Network scale bed material distribution was assigned at 1 km segments using the methodology described by Khan et al, 2021b (Figure S4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A discharge–area relationship for the Richmond catchment was extrapolated from the historical flow dataset using Log‐Pearson Type III statistical analysis (Khan et al, 2021b, 2021a). For this, long‐term discharge data was obtained for seven gauging stations across Richmond catchment (Supporting Information Figure S1, Table S1 and S2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1 in 10 year return interval flow has been observed to produce geomorphically effective floods in similar coastal river settings (Lisenby & Fryirs, 2016). Network scale metrics of contributing catchment area calculated from a flow accumulation raster was used to calculate continuous discharge in the Richmond catchment using a discharge–area empirical relationship (Khan et al, 2021b, 2021a).

10 year return interval Q = 8.2667 \times A^{0.662}

Surveys and samples of bed material size from 25 locations across the catchment were collected in the field during low flow conditions in August 2019 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use the concept of ECA and buffers (Fryirs et al, 2007a), along with graph theory and empirical sediment transport model CASCADE (Catchment Sediment Connectivity And Delivery) (Schmitt et al, 2016;Tangi et al, 2019) to determine the usefulness of this approach for undertaking such sediment (dis)connectivity analyses. A discharge-area relationship for the Richmond catchment was extrapolated from the historical flow dataset using Log-Pearson Type III statistical analysis (Khan et al, 2021b(Khan et al, , 2021a. For this, long-term discharge data was obtained for seven gauging stations across Richmond catchment (Supporting Information Figure S1, Table S1 and S2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modelling sediment (dis)connectivity across a river network to understand locational‐transmission‐filter sensitivity for identifying hotspots of potential geomorphic adjustment

Khan

Fryirs

Bizzi

2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Rivers act as ‘jerky conveyor belts’ that transmit fluxes of flow and sediment downstream. This transmission of fluxes can be highly variable within a drainage basin resulting in either abrupt or gradational sediment (dis)connectivity patterns and processes. This study assesses sediment (dis)connectivity across a basin as a means to understand the locational, transmission and filter sensitivity properties of a fluvial system. Drawing upon the case study of Richmond River Catchment, New South Wales, Australia we use the concepts of effective catchment area and buffers, along with graph theory and an empirical sediment transport model CASCADE (Catchment Sediment Connectivity and Delivery), to assess (1) the degree to which modelled sediment cascades along the river network are connected or disconnected (2) how the position, pattern and configuration of (dis)connection facilitates or restricts geomorphic adjustment in different parts of a catchment, and (3) use the findings as a basis to explain the locational‐transmission‐filter sensitivity of the catchment. We use this analysis to segregate supply limited and transport limited reaches and identify various controls on sediment dynamics: in‐stream sediment storage units, junctions between different geomorphic river types, tributary confluences and sediment storage units within partly confined floodplain units. Such analysis lays the foundation for network scale identification of potential hotspots of geomorphic adjustment.

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Assemblages of geomorphic units: A building block approach to analysis and interpretation of river character, behaviour, condition and recovery

Fryirs

Brierley

2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

Self Cite

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A geomorphic unit is a landform that has been created and reworked by a particular set of earth surface processes. Each geomorphic unit has a particular morphology and sediment properties. Characteristic assemblages and patterns of geomorphic units reflect the use of available energy at any particular location in the landscape. In river systems the mix and balance of erosional and depositional processes creates characteristic, and sometimes distinctive, patterns of geomorphic units at the reach scale. As geomorphic units make up all parts of every valley bottom, the analysis of geomorphic units provides a universal resource with which to undertake systematic geomorphic analysis of river systems. In the first instance, this tool helps to interpret river morphodynamics.Particular process-form associations determine what type of geomorphic unit is found where, how it is formed and/or reworked, and if/how that unit is related to adjacent units in the channel and/or floodplain. From this, particular assemblages of geomorphic units can be used to identify and map reach boundaries along a river course. Each reach has a particular set of process-form relationships that determine (and/or reflect) the range of behaviour and the capacity for adjustment of that section of river. Framed in a catchment context

show abstract

Geomorphic controls on the diversity and patterns of fluvial forms along longitudinal profiles

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

Terrain‐derived measures for basin conservation and restoration planning

Terrain‐derived measures for basin conservation and restoration planning

Modelling sediment (dis)connectivity across a river network to understand locational‐transmission‐filter sensitivity for identifying hotspots of potential geomorphic adjustment

Assemblages of geomorphic units: A building block approach to analysis and interpretation of river character, behaviour, condition and recovery

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