Geospatial Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Ludhiana, Punjab (India)

Abstract

This paper presents a geospatial analysis of the groundwater quality of Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The groundwater samples were collected from 99 locations using grid based sampling procedure and analysed for parameters viz. pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), fluoride (F-), chloride (Cl-), nitrate (NO3-), sulphate (SO24-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-). Sampling was done during both pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods. Water quality index (WQI) was used to represent the groundwater quality of the study area. The WQI coupled with the spatial maps indicated that merely (1%) of the total study area had good groundwater quality and the rest of the study area fell under poor, very poor and unsuitable for drinking purpose. The geographical information system (GIS) based groundwater quality mapping presented in this paper could be a potential tool for groundwater quality management.

Gis-based Analysis of Water Quality Parameters of Groundwater with Proximity to Onsite Wastes Pits in Vom Community of Jos South, Nigeria

“…Ebri, et al [5] in their investigation of groundwater quality in boreholes with proximity to soak away concluded that siting borehole close to any pollution source (soak away) is very detrimental to the quality of the ground water resources. Singh et al [20] also showed in their research that the quality of groundwater source has deteriorated by human and industrial activities some of which are release of effluent from pits, releases of residential wastewater in defective channels, improper management of sanitary landfills, contaminated industrial sites, industrial discharges and others.…”

Environmentally Sensitive Elements in Groundwater of an Industrial Town in India: Spatial Distribution and Human Health Risk

“…There are 37,047 (micro, small, and medium) businesses and 151 large-scale businesses which are registered in the study area [32]. Studies have reported increasing groundwater quality deterioration in the study area due to activities such as industrial wastewater disposal, disposal of garbage, use of fertilizers, and pesticides on agricultural land [28].…”

“…Ludhiana, Punjab, India is a fast-growing industrial hub. The indiscriminate disposal of domestic, agricultural, and industrial waste in the area poses a potential threat to its groundwater [28]. However, no comprehensive evaluation of the groundwater pollution caused by ESEs such as heavy metals and arsenic and its associated health risk assessment has been conducted in the area.…”