Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary: An Update

Nogales, Francisco F.; Dulcey, Isabel; Preda, Ovidiu

doi:10.5858/arpa.2012-0547-ra

Cited by 86 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…But PLAP expression is not a specific indicator of Dysgerminoma as other germ cell tumours and some carcinomas also express PLAP. 1,2 In our study, three out of nine cases were negative for PLAP and 2 cases showed only patchy staining for PLAP. Dysgerminoma with extensive areas of necrosis was negative for PLAP.…”

Section: Dysgerminomasupporting

confidence: 43%

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Immunohistochemical Profile of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours

Jacob¹,

Sukumaran²

2017

jemds

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BACKGROUNDGerm cell tumours of ovary comprise a heterogeneous group of tumours with distinct morphological features. Diagnosis of tumours like teratoma can be made on morphological basis, but that of other germ cell tumours would need additional help of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. But many a time, IHC markers fail to yield the expected results.The aim of this study is to compare the results of the various conventional IHC stains used as markers in common ovarian germ cell tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODSOvarian germ cell tumours which were reported from the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Trivandrum during a period of one year were reviewed and chosen for this case series study. Routine Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and later a panel of selected immunohistochemical markers like PLAP, CD-117, OCT-4, CK, CD-30 and AFP were used in each case. RESULTSFifty-five cases of germ cell tumours were received during the study period. Teratoma was the most common tumour (65.45%). There were nineteen cases of malignant germ cell tumours, of which thirteen cases were chosen for immunohistochemical study. Every tumour was stained with all the above-mentioned markers and their results were compared with the expected findings in each case. Positivity of Dysgerminoma for its IHC markers-PLAP, CD-117 and OCT-4 were 66.6%, 44.4% and 77.7% respectively. Among the three cases of Yolk sac tumour, only one was positive (33.3%) for AFP; 66.6% cases of Embryonal Carcinoma were positive for OCT-4, whereas none was positive for CD-30. CONCLUSIONTeratoma, the commonest germ cell tumour was not included in the study due to the minimal role played by IHC in its diagnosis. Germ cell tumours other than Teratoma were relatively rare. The usual IHC markers employed in their diagnosis were found to be not specific and yielded aberrant results. This fact calls for the use of newer, more specific markers for the diagnosis of ovarian germ cell tumours.

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Section: Dysgerminomasupporting

confidence: 43%

“…2,3 CD-117 positivity in dysgerminoma helps to differentiate it from closely related tumours 4,5,6,7 and also helps in choosing treatment regimens. 7 Other markers which claim usefulness are OCT-4, SALL-4, NANOG, etc.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Profile of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours

Jacob¹,

Sukumaran²

2017

jemds

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“…GP occurs commonly in young girls and, in rare cases, can be found in males. GP is characterized as a myriad of peritoneal nodular or miliary implants composed of benign, mature glia (1). As GP has an extremely low incidence rate, there is no widely accepted guidance as to the method by which these patients should be treated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gliomatosis peritonei with bilateral ovarian teratomas: A report of two cases

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. Gliomatosis peritonei (GP) is characterized by the presence of benign, mature neuroglial implants throughout the peritoneum and is typically accompanied by mature or immature ovarian teratomas. GP is a condition that has only been described relatively recently, with ~100 cases reported in the English literature. The majority of reported cases have focused on the pathology and clinical treatment of the disease; radiological findings are distinct, but the discussion of this is scarce in the literature. The current study presents two cases of GP with bilateral ovarian teratomas and provides a review of the relevant literature, with particular emphasis on the radiological differential diagnosis. The present study reinforces previously reported observations from imaging analysis and suggests that radiological investigation alone cannot sufficiently aid the differentiation of benign glial deposits from diffuse peritoneal malignant seeding. However, radiologists should be familiar with this rare condition in order to provide an accurate diagnosis, particularly in ovarian tumor staging, which may markedly impact the administered treatment. It is recommended that doctors undertake long-term follow-ups in patients presenting with GP due to the potential for malignant transformation. IntroductionGliomatosis peritonei (GP) is a rare condition that is typically associated with immature and, less commonly, mature teratomas and ventriculoperitoneal shunting. GP occurs commonly in young girls and, in rare cases, can be found in males. GP is characterized as a myriad of peritoneal nodular or miliary implants composed of benign, mature glia (1). As GP has an extremely low incidence rate, there is no widely accepted guidance as to the method by which these patients should be treated. Approximately 100 cases of GP have been described in the literature. Since the disease was first described by Neuhaüser in 1906 (2), it has been well-documented that GP, when benign, does not adversely affect patient prognosis. Glial implants associated with the disease may remain stable for long periods of time, or may completely disappear. The repeated measurement of tumor markers and imaging are usually undertaken throughout follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, only a few cases have been reported that describe the findings of a radiological analysis (3-5). The current study presents two cases of GP with bilateral ovarian teratomas, describing the diagnosis, associated radiological observations and complete clinical course of each patient. Case reportCase 1. A 19-year-old woman was referred to The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China) on January 16, 2011, presenting with a 15-day history of lower abdominal distension. During a physical examination of the pelvis and abdomen, a large firm mass was identified and was palpable extending up to 20 cm to the xiphoid process. Analysis of serum tumor markers demonstrated an increase in carcinoembryonic antigen (13.4 ng/ml; normal range, <5 ng/ml), ...

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“…Although in the present study, the patient has no distant metastasis. This tumor most commonly occurs in young patients and unlike epithelial carcinoma the majority of cases are identified at early stage (13). However, our 16-year-old patient presented with an advanced stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Primary Pure Non-Gestational Ovarian Choriocarcinoma: A Case Report

et al. 2017

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Introduction: Pure non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma is a rare malignant condition with aggressive behavior. The tumor arises from germ cells of ovarian. Few cases have been reported in the literature. We present a case of pure ovarian choriocarcinoma with disseminated tumor in pelvic. Case Presentation: A 16-year-old girl was referred to Ghaem hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran in April 2016 with acute abdominal pain, abdomino pelvic mass and vaginal bleeding. In addition, an extremely high level of sub unit of human chorionic gonadotropin β-hCG was detected. Based on the emergency condition, she underwent laparotomy and left salpingo-oophorectomy with suboptimal resection of the tumor. Histopathology revealed a tumor compatible with pure nongestational ovarian choriocarcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed based on 4 courses of bleomycin-etoposide-cisplatin (BEP) regimen. She is now under chemotherapy. Conclusions:We recommend the use of minimally invasive, fertility-preserving surgeries in patients with non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinomas.

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Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary: An Update

Cited by 86 publications

References 80 publications

Immunohistochemical Profile of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours

Immunohistochemical Profile of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours

Gliomatosis peritonei with bilateral ovarian teratomas: A report of two cases

Primary Pure Non-Gestational Ovarian Choriocarcinoma: A Case Report

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