Germania-based core optical fibers

Dianov, E. M.; Mashinsky, Valery M.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2005.855867

Cited by 170 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…There is a discussion in the literature that germania in comparison to silica will have different properties, in particular with respect to the formation of vitreous, i.e., glassy, phases [5][6][7]. Also, doping of germanium into silica or a mixed phase of both might lead to promising materials in a number of applications [8][9][10][11]. Given the detailed information derived from thin-film studies for silica, it is likely that one will be able to reveal the network structures for germania and germania-silica mixtures at the atomic level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic structure of a metal-supported two-dimensional germania film

et al. 2018

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The growth and microscopic characterization of two-dimensional germania films is presented. Germanium oxide monolayer films were grown on Ru(0001) by physical vapor deposition and subsequent annealing in oxygen. We obtain a comprehensive image of the germania film structure by combining intensity-voltage low-energy electron diffraction (I/V-LEED) and ab initio density functional theory (DFT) analysis with atomic-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging. For benchmarking purposes, the bare Ru(0001) substrate and the (2 × 2)3O covered Ru(0001) were analyzed with I/V-LEED with respect to previous reports. STM topographic images of the germania film reveal a hexagonal network where the oxygen and germanium atom positions appear in different imaging contrasts. For quantitative LEED, the best agreement has been achieved with DFT structures where the germanium atoms are located preferentially on the top and fcc hollow sites of the Ru(0001) substrate. Moreover, in these atomically flat germania films, local site geometries, i.e., tetrahedral building blocks, ring structures, and domain boundaries, have been identified, indicating possible pathways towards two-dimensional amorphous networks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic structure of a metal-supported two-dimensional germania film

et al. 2018

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“…In a series of experiments, researchers at FORC, Russia fabricated several GeO 2 doped fibers with concentrations varying from 51 mol % to 97 mol % [10][11][12]. The losses were lower than 120dB/km at 1.9-2 μm for all of these fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Record power, ultra-broadband supercontinuum source based on highly GeO_2 doped silica fiber

Jain¹,

Sidharthan²,

Moselund³

et al. 2016

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We demonstrate highly germania doped fibers for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. Experiments ensure a highest output power of 1.44 W for a broadest spectrum from 700 nm to 3200 nm and 6.4 W for 800 nm to 2700 nm from these fibers, while being pumped by a broadband Erbium-Ytterbium doped fiber based master oscillator power amplifier. The effect of repetition frequency of pump source and length of germania-doped fiber has also been investigated. Further, germania doped fiber has been pumped by conventional supercontinuum source based on silica photonic crystal fiber supercontinuum source. At low power, a considerable broadening of 200-300 nm was observed. Further broadening of spectrum was limited due to limited power of pump source. Our investigations reveal the unexploited potential of germania doped fiber for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. These measurements ensure the potential of germania based photonic crystal fiber or a step-index fiber supercontinuum source for high power ultra-broad band emission being by pumped a 1060 nm or a 1550 nm laser source. To the best of our knowledge, this is the record power, ultra-broadband, and all-fiberized supercontinuum light source based on silica and germania fiber ever demonstrated to the date. "Generating tunable optical pulses over the ultrabroad range of 1.6-2.5 μm in GeO 2 -doped silica fibers with an Er:fiber laser source," Opt.

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“…In the past 3 decades, various novel methods such as chemical/ physical vapor deposition 1) and solgel 2) have been applied for synthesis of amorphous oxides including optical glass fibers for optical communication, glass photomasks of lithography for VLSI, and transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (TAOSs) for thin film transistors (TFTs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping effects in amorphous oxides

Funabiki

Kamiya

Hosono

2012

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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Impurity doping of crystalline Si is one of the most striking techniques in semiconductor technology. A rigid and perfect crystalline lattice is prerequisite for effective doping. However, it has been reported to date that introducing a small amount of impurities drastically improves also the properties of amorphous materials. This paper reviews three pronounced doping effects on optical and electrical properties of amorphous oxides; i.e., (i) F-doping of silica glass to improve the vacuum-ultraviolet optical transmission and radiation toughness, (ii) codoping effects on solubility enhancement of rare earth ions in silica glass melt, and (iii) electron-carrier generation in transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors. It is emphasized that effectiveness of electron doping is determined by the magnitude of electron affinity and stabilization energy of a dopant. Importance of the local structure formed around a dopant ion and the location of conduction band minimum measured from the vacuum level is addressed to understand the doping effects in amorphous oxides.

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Germania-based core optical fibers

Cited by 170 publications

References 20 publications

Atomic structure of a metal-supported two-dimensional germania film

Atomic structure of a metal-supported two-dimensional germania film

Record power, ultra-broadband supercontinuum source based on highly GeO_2 doped silica fiber

Doping effects in amorphous oxides

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