Germany and Spain: Similarities and Differences in Approach to Ukrainian Crisis

Energy Logistic Regression and Survival Model: Case Study of Russian Exports

“…The period of slight stagnation lasted till 2014, after which another crisis arose associated with the Euromaidan in Ukraine [36]. This crisis was followed by the referendum in Crimea (considered as disputable by several western countries) [37,38], but some authors point out that it is "a broader problem of the correlation between the principles of maintaining a country's territorial integrity and the right of nations for self-determination" [39,40] and consequent imposition of sanctions against Russia. All these events could not but affected the capacity of all Russian exports, not just energy ones that declined by almost USD 150,000 million.…”

“…Figure 5 indicates that the growing values of Russian non-renewable energy export after 2016 may be associated with an intensification of trade relations with partners from East Asia and Pacific region. As Taghizadeh-Hesary [40] asserts, Asia was the largest energy consumer in 2020, so Russia may logically count on conquering a greater portion of the Asian energy market. The natural resource wealth of Russia provides other energy importer countries a promise to contribute to their economic prosperity, a hypothesis that is supported by similar scholar, pertaining to the role of energy in enabling economic prosperity [41] Ukrainian crisis Figure 5 indicates that the growing values of Russian non-renewable energy export after 2016 may be associated with an intensification of trade relations with partners from East Asia and Pacific region.…”

“…The natural resource wealth of Russia provides other energy importer countries a promise to contribute to their economic prosperity, a hypothesis that is supported by similar scholar, pertaining to the role of energy in enabling economic prosperity [41] Ukrainian crisis Figure 5 indicates that the growing values of Russian non-renewable energy export after 2016 may be associated with an intensification of trade relations with partners from East Asia and Pacific region. As Taghizadeh-Hesary [40] asserts, Asia was the largest energy consumer in 2020, so Russia may logically count on conquering a greater portion of the Asian energy market. The natural resource wealth of Russia provides other energy importer countries a promise to contribute to their economic prosperity, a hypothesis that is supported by similar scholar, pertaining to the role of energy in enabling economic prosperity [41] Figure 6 plots the Kaplan-Meier survival function for Russian non-renewable energy exports.…”