Germinated barley foodstuff, a prebiotic product, ameliorates inflammation of colitis through modulation of the enteric environment

Kanauchi, Osamu; Serizawa, Isao; Araki, Yoshio; Suzuki, Asuka; Andoh, Akira; Fujiyama, Yoshihide; Mitsuyama, Keiichi; Takaki, Kosuke; Toyonaga, Atsushi; Sata, Michio; Bamba, Tadao

doi:10.1007/s005350300022

Cited by 89 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, evidence pointing towards any prebiotic effect is too sparse to justify a detailed review or a classification as prebiotic at the present time. These compounds include: Germinated barley foodstuffs (Kanauchi et al 1998a,b,c;Kanauchi, 2003);…”

Section: Miscellaneous Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics

Gibson

Probert

Loo³

et al. 2004

Nutr. Res. Rev.

2,487

1,777

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Prebiotics are non-digestible (by the host) food ingredients that have a beneficial effect through their selective metabolism in the intestinal tract. Key to this is the specificity of microbial changes. The present paper reviews the concept in terms of three criteria: (a) resistance to gastric acidity, hydrolysis by mammalian enzymes and gastrointestinal absorption; (b) fermentation by intestinal microflora; (c) selective stimulation of the growth and/or activity of intestinal bacteria associated with health and wellbeing. The conclusion is that prebiotics that currently fulfil these three criteria are fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides and lactulose, although promise does exist with several other dietary carbohydrates. Given the range of food vehicles that may be fortified by prebiotics, their ability to confer positive microflora changes and the health aspects that may accrue, it is important that robust technologies to assay functionality are used. This would include a molecular-based approach to determine flora changes. The future use of prebiotics may allow species-level changes in the microbiota, an extrapolation into genera other than the bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and allow preferential use in disease-prone areas of the body.

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Section: Miscellaneous Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics

Gibson

Probert

Loo³

et al. 2004

Nutr. Res. Rev.

2,487

1,777

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Administration of germinated barley foodstuff (GBF) augmented SCFA production which increased caecal butyrate levels and improved colonic epithelial cell proliferation in humans (Kanauchi et al, 2003). Furthermore, the flavonoid, bacalein, isolated from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Labiatae), reduced and ameliorated the inflammatory symptoms of the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Communication Effects of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) supplementation on performance and egg characteristics of old breeder hens

Şengör¹,

Yardimci²,

Çetingül³

et al. 2007

SA J. An. Sci.

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A study was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing the diet of breeder hens with a shortchain fatty acid (SCFA) premix, containing 509 g fatty acid salts/kg of which 285 g were calcium butyrate, on their eggshell characteristics and the hatching percentage of the eggs. One thousand six hundred 66-week old White Bovans laying breeder hens were used in this experiment. They were housed in eight identical pens, each containing 200 birds, and four pens were used per treatment. The SCFA premix was included at 1000 mg/kg in the treatment diet, and fed for a period of nine weeks. Responses were compared with an unsupplemented treatment. Supplementation started when the hens were 66 weeks old. From day 75 eggs were collected for the next seven weeks and the occurrence of cracked, dirty and misshapen eggs was recorded, and the hatching percentage of the eggs was determined. Eggshell strength was lower in eggs from the control (1.76 ± 0.05) than from the treatment group (2.07 ± 0.03). The percentage of eggs produced by the control group (68.6 ± 0.08) was significantly lower than that by the supplemented group (71.5 ± 0.15). Percentage of dirty, cracked and misshapen eggs, and the hatchability percentage of the control group (1.15 ± 0.03, 3.44 ± 0.05, 6.27 ± 0.03 and 88.93 ± 0.06, respectively) were also significantly lower than in the group receiving SCFA (0.47 ± 0.03, 2.21 ± 0.03, 3.81 ± 0.03 and 93.36 ± 0.05, respectively). It was concluded that dietary supplementation of SCFA to layer breeder hens from 66 weeks of age onwards improved eggshell strength, reduced the percentage of dirty, cracked and misshapen eggs and increased the hatching percentage of the eggs. The positive responses were suggested to be largely due to the butyrate in the SCFA. _______________________________________________________________________________________

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“…An example for the modification of inflammatory conditions by dietary means is provided by a study of Kanauchi et al (156) in mice with induced colitis that were fed a diet containing germinated barley (defined as a prebiotic product rich in hemicelluloses, which also contains glutamine-rich protein). This dietary treatment prevented disease activity after induction of colitis, associated with increased caecal butyrate concentration, decreased serum IL-6 levels as well as a tendency for reduced NF-kB expression.…”

Section: Fermentable Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal gene expression in pigs: effects of reduced feed intake during weaning and potential impact of dietary components

et al. 2011

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The weaning transition is characterised by morphological, histological and microbial changes, often leading to weaning-associated disorders. These intestinal changes can partly be ascribed to the lack of luminal nutrition arising from the reduced feed intake common in pigs after weaning. It is increasingly becoming clear that changes in the supply with enteral nutrients may have major impacts on intestinal gene expression. Furthermore, the major dietary constituents, i.e. carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids, participate in the regulation of intestinal gene expression. However, nutrients may also escape digestion by mammalian enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract. These nutrients can be used by the microflora, resulting in the production of bacterial metabolites, for example, SCFA, which may affect intestinal gene expression indirectly. The present review provides an insight on possible effects of reduced feed intake on intestinal gene expression, as it may occur post-weaning. Detailed knowledge on effects of reduced feed intake on intestinal gene expression may help to understand weaning-associated intestinal dysfunctions and diseases. Examples are given of intestinal genes which may be altered in their expression due to supply with specific nutrients. In that way, gene expression could be modulated by dietary means, thereby acting as a potential therapeutic tool. This could be achieved, for example, by influencing genes coding for digestive or absorptive proteins, thus optimising digestive function and metabolism, but also with regard to immune response, or by influencing proliferative processes, thereby enhancing mucosal repair. This would be of special interest when designing a diet to overcome weaning-associated problems.

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Germinated barley foodstuff, a prebiotic product, ameliorates inflammation of colitis through modulation of the enteric environment

Abstract: GBF has the potential to reduce the epithelial inflammatory response by depressing STAT-3 expression and inhibiting NFkB binding activity. These effects may be brought about by an increase of butyrate production and adsorption of bile acids.

Cited by 89 publications

References 33 publications

Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics

Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics

Short Communication Effects of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) supplementation on performance and egg characteristics of old breeder hens

Intestinal gene expression in pigs: effects of reduced feed intake during weaning and potential impact of dietary components

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