Germination and Herbicide Susceptibility of Six Pigweed Species

Santelmann, P. W.; Evetts, L. L.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500048256

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Other studies have demonstrated that several Amaranthus spp. have a similar pattern of emergence due to limited carbohydrate reserves of these small seeded broadleaf weeds (Ghorbani et al 1999;Santelmann and Evetts 1971;Thomas et al 2006). Another possible explanation for lack of emergence from deeply buried seeds could be absence of light, hypoxia, and low rates of gaseous diffusion at deeper depths (Benvenuti 2003;Woolley and Stoller 1978).…”

Section: Naclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination Ecology of Spiny (Amaranthus spinosus) and Slender Amaranth (A. viridis): Troublesome Weeds of Direct-Seeded Rice

Chauhan

Johnson

2009

Weed sci.

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Spiny and slender amaranth are troublesome Amaranthaceae species of direct-seeded rice and other upland crops in many Asian countries. Seed germination and seedling emergence response of these species to various environmental factors was determined in laboratory and screenhouse experiments. Germination in both species was stimulated by 35/25 and 30/20 C fluctuating temperatures and light. Germination of slender amaranth was more sensitive to increasing salt and water stress than spiny amaranth. Spiny amaranth germinated at a NaCl concentration of 100 mM (19%), whereas slender amaranth seeds did not germinate at this concentration. In seed burial trials where the seeds were on the soil surface, emergence was 56 and 68% for spiny amaranth and slender amaranth, respectively. Only 7% of spiny amaranth seedling emerged from a soil depth of 0.5 cm, whereas no emergence was observed for 4 cm or deeper. For slender amaranth, 6 and 0% emergence was observed at 4 and 6 cm, respectively. Seedling emergence of spiny amaranth was affected more by high rates of rice residue than slender amaranth. Greater quantities of residue than those normally found in rice fields were required to significantly reduce weed densities.

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Section: Naclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination Ecology of Spiny (Amaranthus spinosus) and Slender Amaranth (A. viridis): Troublesome Weeds of Direct-Seeded Rice

Chauhan

Johnson

2009

Weed sci.

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“…Seedling treatment with herbicides that are generally considered ineffective for control of tall morningglory have reduced the elongation of primary roots over 50%, and have reduced the development of lateral roots (9). Growth responses of other weeds have indicated that stem absorption of herbicides applied preemergence can be equivalent to, or greater than root absorption depending upon the particular herbicide and weed species involved (6,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tall Morningglory Response to Planting Depth

Cole

1976

Weed sci.

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Emergence of tall morningglory [Ipomoea purpurea(L.) Roth] seedlings was delayed and reduced as planting depths increased from 1.3 to 5.0 cm. Development of seedlings emerging from 3.8 cm or greater depth was delayed for up to 4 weeks as indicated by dry weight accumulation. In both greenhouse and field studies, chemical control of tall morningglory was generally greater when seedlings emerged from planting depths of 2.5 cm or greater. The competitive ability of tall morningglory, as indicated by yield reduction of cowpea [Vigna sinensis(L.) Endl], was dependent upon both planting depth and duration of infestation. Cowpea yields were reduced more by the tall morningglory plants that emerged from 1.3 cm than by those that emerged from greater planting depths for a given infestation period.

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“…Evidence for the importance of seed germination responses in A. retrojexus is demonstrated by the many studies on this topic with this species (McWilliams 1965;Barton 1967;Wiese and Davis 1967;Andersen 1968;Taylorson and Hendricks 1969;Santelman and Evetts 1971). Hence the timing of seed germination can be the fundamental factor determining the success or failure of a young seedling or the ability of the mature plant to set viable seeds before the end of the growing season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecology of pigweeds (Amaranthus) in Ontario. I. Interspecific and intraspecific variation in seed germination among local collections of A. powellii and A. retroflexus

Frost¹,

Cavers²

1975

Can. J. Bot.

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FROST, R. A., and P. B. CAVERS. 1975. The ecology of pigweeds (Amaranth~ts) in Ontario. I.Interspecific and intraspecific variation in seed germination among local collections of A.powellii and A. retrojlexlrs. Can. J. Bot. 53: 1276-1284.In southwestern Ontario, Powell's pigweed (Amaranthuspo~vellii S. Wats.) is represented by two morphologically distinct variants. The species is nearly as frequent as redroot pigweed (A. retrojlexlts L.) in cultivated fields and the two species have often been confused with eachother.A germination test was performed with seeds of five local collections ofA. retrojlexlrs. two of one variant of A. polvellii and four of the second variant of A. polvellii. Very little variation in germination behavior was revealed between the collections ofA . retrojlexus, but great variability occurred between the collections of the latter species. Further germination tests under contrasting light regimes with seeds of two collections of each species affirmed these findings.Seeds of A. retroj7exos stored from 5 to 20 weeks before testing yielded more than 75% germination in all tests except in continuous darkness at alternating temperatures (30-18"C), when 56 to 63% germinated. The total percentage germination of seeds of A. polvellii varied between 19% and 95% over the range of test regimes and collections examined. In one collection of A. powellii significantly more seeds germinated in alternating light and darkness than in continuous darkness while the reverse was true in another collection. Seeds from this latter collection developed secondary dormancy when put to germinate in alternating light and darkness.

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Germination and Herbicide Susceptibility of Six Pigweed Species

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Germination Ecology of Spiny (Amaranthus spinosus) and Slender Amaranth (A. viridis): Troublesome Weeds of Direct-Seeded Rice

Germination Ecology of Spiny (Amaranthus spinosus) and Slender Amaranth (A. viridis): Troublesome Weeds of Direct-Seeded Rice

Tall Morningglory Response to Planting Depth

The ecology of pigweeds (Amaranthus) in Ontario. I. Interspecific and intraspecific variation in seed germination among local collections of A. powellii and A. retroflexus

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