Germination ecology of halophytes

Ungar, Irwin A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-8037-2_10

Cited by 101 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This can be attributed to different responses among landraces grown under salt stress condition. In our study, germination in laboratory condition showed that the highest germination percentage obtained in the non saline conditions and salt stress (Ungar, 1982(Ungar, , 1995Katembe et al, 1998;Khan et al, 2002). Two different mechanisms of these effects had been reported: (i) an osmotic inhibiting one and (ii) ion toxicity (Khan and Rizvi, 1994;Khan and Ungar, 1998;Song et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Germination and emergence variability of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) landraces collected in Southern Tunisia oases

Benabderrahim

Haddad

Hamza

et al. 1970

Span. j. agric. res.

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage crops in the world. It has been originated from the Caucasus region (Michaud et al., 1988). The species presents purple flowers, a tap root, an erect growth habit, coiled pods and no winter dormancy. This plant improves the yield and quality of the following crops by atmospheric nitrogen fixation (Bruulsema and Christie, 1987 AbstractVariability in germination under controlled conditions with and without salt, seeds characteristics and field emergence were evaluated for 20 landraces of Medicago sativa ssp sativa, a forage legume collected from three sites in Tunisia. Highly significant differences were recorded among the landraces (p < 0.001) for all the characters studied except tegument colour. Number of seeds produced per plant ranged between 378 and 460 seeds g -1 . Emergence responses of seeds were different among landraces and sites and their values ranged between 12 to 45%. Salt stress (150 mM) caused substantial reduction in final and rate of germination of all the landraces with an average decline of 62.4 and 69.7%, respectively. Final germination values ranged from 26.5 to 75.75% when supplied distilled water. However, final germination values ranged from 10.75 to 32.5% when the seeds were exposed to saline water (150 mM). Rate of germination ranged from 12.75 to 63.25% and from 6.25 to 21.25% at non-saline and salt stress, respectively. Cluster analysis separated the 20 landraces into four clusters. Three landraces in the first cluster had the lowest germination and the greatest field emergence. One landrace composed the second cluster and showed both high germination and field emergence. Two landraces in the third cluster presented greater germination and low emergence. The other landraces constituted the fourth cluster and had intermediates emergence and germination.Additional key words: arid land; diversity; salt stress; seeds. Resumen Variabilidad en la germinación y en la emergencia de variedades autóctonas de Medicago sativa en diferentes oasis de TúnezSe evaluó la germinación en laboratorio con y sin estrés salino, así como las características de las semillas y la emergencia de 20 poblaciones de la leguminosa forrajera Medicago sativa ssp sativa, procedentes de tres localidades de Túnez. Se observaron diferencias altamente significativas entre las poblaciones (p < 0,001) en todos los caracteres estudiados excepto en el color del tegumento. El número de semillas por gramo varió entre 378 y 460. La emergencia de las semillas fue diferente entre las poblaciones y las localidades (variaron entre el 12 y el 45%). El estrés salino (150 mM) causó una fuerte reducción en todas las poblaciones, tanto en la germinación final como en el porcentaje de germinación, con una reducción media del 62,4 y 69,7%, respectivamente. Los valores de germinación finales variaron entre 26,5 y 75,75% y entre 10,75 y 32,5% con agua destilada y estrés salino, respectivamente. El porcentaje de germinación varió desde el 12,75 al 63,25% y del 6,25 al 21,25% en ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Germination and emergence variability of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) landraces collected in Southern Tunisia oases

Benabderrahim

Haddad

Hamza

et al. 1970

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…In general , the germination of halophytes and glycophytes responds in a similar way to increasing salinity with a reduction in both the final percentage and rate of germination, and an increasing delay in the initiation of the germination processo The precise salinity concentrations which cause a delay and reduction in the proportion of seeds germinating depends on the salt tolerance of each species (Ungar 1982;Martinez et aI. 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of salinity on seed germination, seedling growth and survival of Spartina ciliata Brong

Cordazzo

1999

Acta Bot. Bras.

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-(Effects of salinity on seed germination, seedling growth and survival of Spanina ciliata Brong.) The effects of different salinities on the germination of Spartina ciliata seeds were tested during 40 days in the laboratory, using six concentrations of NaCI (0,45, 80, 130, 170 and 215 mM) besides three concentrations of seawater (25, 30 and 35%0). In addition, the survival and growth of seedlings were tested in five constant salinity regimes (O, 45, 80 and 170 mM NaCI) as well as in five regimes of simulating seawater overwash. The results showed that seeds possed a high germination capacity over a wide range of salinities (O to 215 mM NaC\). Although concentrations close to full-strength seawater completely inhibited seed germination, the transfer of the ungerminated seeds to freshwater immediately stimulated this. The effects of salinity on seedling growth showed that shoot height and root length were the variables most sensitive to salt stress. Frequent overwash with seawater significantly reduced the survival and growth of Spartina ciliata seedlings. The success in seed germination, survival, and growth of Spartina ciliata in salinities above those normally found in the natural environment could explain the species being distributed throughout salt-stressed foredune habitats in southern Brazil.Key words -salinity stress, seed germination, seedling growth, coastal dune plant, Spartina ciliata

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“…Tamarix is a deciduous or evergreen feathery tree or shrub. The flowers are bisexual with 4 to 5 petals and sepals, 4 to S stamens, and 3 to 4 stigmas (Clapham et al, 1962;Waisel, 1972;Elmore, 1976).Tamarix or saltcedar, according to some authors, was first introduced into the U.S. from the Mid-East during the late 1800's as an ornamental, and to prevent erosion along stream banks (Ungar 1974;Hoddenbach 1987;Davila 1989;Everitt and DelOach, 1990). One author, however, speculates that saltcedar may have been introduced as early as the late 1500's by Spanish explorers.…”

Section: Description Of Tamariskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the exception of some areas in China Tamarix in its native habitat is restricted to hot environments with high soil and water salinity levels. Tamarix species exhibit morphological characteristics such as small sciie-like leaves, sunken stomata, water storing tissue, and salt glands which enable these species to live in a highly xeric environment (Ungar, 1974). The three primary species of Tamarix found throughout the southwest are Tamarix chinensis Lour., Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb., and Tamarix pentandra Pallas.…”

Section: Description Of Tamariskmentioning

confidence: 99%