2021
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092154
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Germline Genetics of Prostate Cancer: Prevalence of Risk Variants and Clinical Implications for Disease Management

Abstract: Prostate cancer has entered into the era of precision medicine with the recent approvals of targeted therapeutics (olaparib and rucaparib). The presence of germline mutations has important hereditary cancer implications for patients with prostate cancer, and germline testing is increasingly important in cancer screening, risk assessment, and the overall treatment and management of the disease. In this review, we discuss germline variants associated with inherited predisposition, prostate cancer risk and outcom… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Although modifiable risk factors (such as smoking) are associated with prostate cancer risk [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], there is limited evidence that prevention is achieved by the cessation of these factors [ 15 , 16 ]. The most significant risk factors for prostate cancer are non-modifiable, such as age, ethnicity [ 17 ], family history [ 18 ], and genetic predisposition [ 19 ]. Therefore, the use of a polygenic risk score (PRS) comprised of common prostate cancer-associated genetic variants has the potential to improve risk prediction, beyond conventional risk factors.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although modifiable risk factors (such as smoking) are associated with prostate cancer risk [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], there is limited evidence that prevention is achieved by the cessation of these factors [ 15 , 16 ]. The most significant risk factors for prostate cancer are non-modifiable, such as age, ethnicity [ 17 ], family history [ 18 ], and genetic predisposition [ 19 ]. Therefore, the use of a polygenic risk score (PRS) comprised of common prostate cancer-associated genetic variants has the potential to improve risk prediction, beyond conventional risk factors.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our study ndings highlight ethnic differences in decision-making dynamics, emphasizing the cultural nuances in treatment choices. Familial involvement, especially spousal involvement in treatment decisions, is crucial as it can impact genetic susceptibility and risk assessment within the family [44,[49][50][51][52]. Various factors also in uenced treatment choices, stressing the importance of personalized care plans and aligning with current medical best practices [53].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are tumor suppressors, involved in cellular DNA damage repair. BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene germline mutations are the most common and major drivers of familial Pca [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 ]. The types of BRCA2 gene germline mutations include frameshift (64%), missense (31%), and splicing (5%).…”
Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning
confidence: 99%