Germplasm Conservation: Instrumental in Agricultural Biodiversity-A Review

Priyanka, Veerala; Kumar, Rahul; Dhaliwal, Inderpreet; Kaushik, Prashant

doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0461.v1

Cited by 14 publications

References 72 publications

(77 reference statements)

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Identification of Thermotolerant Rice Genotypes with Allele Coding at Seedling Stage

Shankar

Kaushik

2021

Preprint

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Rice- The most important plant in the world to ensure food security. Heat is one of the main factors that greatly limit rice production. With the increasing global warming, industrialization there is a great effect on climate change which requires us to see various alternatives for strains that are more tolerant to heat so that some techniques are developed to filter a large number of genotypes for high temperature tolerance. Here we report the standardization of Temperature Induction Response (TIR) technique to identify thermotolerant rice genotypes. The phenotypic characteristics of Rice due to high temperature is calculated with germination (%), growth of the seedling and molecular analysis is also considered. The heat stress is provided to the plants with the help of TIR protocol with the adjustment of temperature to lethal (55oC) and sub-lethal levels (38-55oC) in a TIR chamber with alterations in humidity. Of the 74 genotypes screened, 14 showed thermo tolerance caused by high temperatures. Both tolerant and sensitive genotypes were separated based on their survival percentages. The tolerant class are selected based on the growth and development of genotypes having high survival percentage and also their shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights are compared to the heat tolerant checks N22, Dular and Nipponbare. These genotypes have intrinsic heat tolerance and thus can be explored as a source of donors in breeding programs intended for global warming. The molecular markers which are identified to be linked with heat tolerant class through allele code are quite helpful and can be used in marker assisted breeding approach to attain heat tolerance in cultivated varieties.

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Identification of Thermotolerant Rice Genotypes with Allele Coding at Seedling Stage

Shankar

Kaushik

2021

Preprint

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Genetic Diversity of Fish in Aquaculture and of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Traditional Rice–Fish Coculture

Ren

Shixiang³

et al. 2022

Agriculture

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The genetic diversity of cultured species (e.g., plants and fish) has decreased as intensive agriculture and aquaculture have increased in recent decades. Maintaining genetic diversity in agriculture is a significant concern. To test whether aquaculture affects the genetic diversity of aquatic animals and whether traditional agriculture could help maintain genetic diversity, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the genetic diversity of cultured and wild populations. We also examined the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the traditional rice–fish coculture in the south of Zhejiang Province, China, using 20 microsatellite loci. The results of the meta-analysis showed a negative overall effect size of all cultured aquatic animals that were tested both when weighted by population replicate and when weighted by the inverse of variance. Aquaculture has caused a general decline in the genetic diversity of many cultured aquatic animals. The results from the survey of a traditional rice–fish coculture system in the south of Zhejiang Province of China showed high levels of genetic diversity in all 10 sampled populations (mean Na = 7.40, mean Ne = 4.57, mean I = 1.61, mean He = 0.71, and mean Ho = 0.73). Both the conventional analysis and a model-based analysis revealed a high and significant genetic divergence among the 10 sampled populations all over the three counties (FST value ranged from 0.00 to 0.13, and Nei’s genetic distance ranged from 0.07 to 0.62). Populations within Yongjia and Jingning counties were also genetically differentiated, respectively. Furthermore, molecular variance (AMOVA), membership coefficients estimated by STRUCTURE, PCoA, and migration network analysis supported the findings from pairwise FST values. Our results suggest that the traditional rice–fish coculture plays an important role in maintaining the genetic diversity of carp cocultured in rice paddies and future policies should favor the conservation of the rice–fish system and raise the awareness of farmers on methods to maintain carp genetic diversity.

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Determination of Total Carotenoids and β-Carotene in Germplasm of Pumpkin Caboclo (Cucurbita maxima)

et al. 2023

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The genus Cucurbita has been mentioned as a good source of carotenoids, including β-carotene, which is a precursor of vitamin A. However, the variability observed for the genus denotes the individual need to invest in the species. An experiment was carried out with the aim of evaluating the content of total carotenoids and β-carotene in C. maxima germplasm. Treatments consisted of 23 accessions and two commercial cultivars of C. maxima. The content of total carotenoids, β-carotene, and the pulp color of the accessions were evaluated. Clustering was performed, and the components of genotypic variance, mean heritability, and accuracy were calculated. The grouping led to the formation of four groups where the total carotenoid content influenced the formation the most. There was no difference in color parameters. High variability was observed for total carotenoids in the studied genotypes (22.28 µg/g to 49.58 µg/g) and β-carotene (7.81 µg/g to 13.75 µg/g). Accessions CMAX-09, CMAX-10, CMAX-12, CMAX-13, and CMAX-14 showed the highest levels of total carotenoids and β-carotene.

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Germplasm Conservation: Instrumental in Agricultural Biodiversity-A Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 72 publications

Identification of Thermotolerant Rice Genotypes with Allele Coding at Seedling Stage

Identification of Thermotolerant Rice Genotypes with Allele Coding at Seedling Stage

Genetic Diversity of Fish in Aquaculture and of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Traditional Rice–Fish Coculture

Determination of Total Carotenoids and β-Carotene in Germplasm of Pumpkin Caboclo (Cucurbita maxima)

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