Gestational diabetes: A clinical observational non randomized study

Abstract

Pregnant women attending the ante natal clinic at a tertiary care hospital before 16 weeks, and follow up at 24 weeks to 28 weeks and 32 weeks to 34 weeks of pregnancy. Registration details of all the patients including their OPD number, name, age, sex were noted. Consent of each patient was taken. It was observed that amongst the women with positive DIPSI at 24-28 weeks, 88% patients were managed on diet and exercise alone with a favorable outcome. Only 5 patients required insulin in order to control GDM (due to features of polyhydramnios and increased abdominal circumference of fetus as suggested on growth scan). The present study shows that most of the cases (63%) can be managed with diet & exercises as first line of therapy. Treatment includes simple dietary modifications, walking after every meal for 15 minutes to insulin therapy. Counseling the patients regarding the need for frequent blood glucose monitoring and frequent antenatal visits helps to achieve good glycemic control. Based on our analysis we can interpret that DIPSI test can be an effective screening tool at 16-18 weeks of pregnancy in order to intervene early in GDM. Early diagnosis and good glycemic control reduces both maternal and fetal complications in GDM. Early diagnosis at 16 -18weeks and with early interventions like strict Diabetic diet and exercise we were able to reach Full Term (37 weeks) in 89% patients of GDM. Study design: Observational Study. Aim and objective: The aim of the study is to see the effects of early screening for gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and fetal outcome.