Gestational diabetes: An overview with attention for developing countries

Schiavone, Marcella; Putoto, Giovanni; F, Laterza; Pizzol, Damiano

doi:10.1515/enr-2016-0010

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of carbohydrate intolerance, with onset or first recognition during second or third trimester of pregnancy ( 1 ). The prevalence in the world is increasing, and approximately 7% of all pregnancies are complicated by GDM ( 1 ), with major risk factors identified in previous history of GDM, history of macrosomia, familiarity for type 2 diabetes (T2D), elevated maternal age, and pre-pregnancy obesity ( 2 , 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating microRNA (miRNA) Expression Profiling in Plasma of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Reveals Upregulation of miRNA miR-330-3p

et al. 2017

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by insulin resistance accompanied by low/absent beta-cell compensatory adaptation to the increased insulin demand. Although the molecular mechanisms and factors acting on beta-cell compensatory response during pregnancy have been partially elucidated and reported, those inducing an impaired beta-cell compensation and function, thus evolving in GDM, have yet to be fully addressed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs, which negatively modulate gene expression through their sequence-specific binding to 3′UTR of mRNA target. They have been described as potent modulators of cell survival and proliferation and, furthermore, as orchestrating molecules of beta-cell compensatory response and function in diabetes. Moreover, it has been reported that miRNAs can be actively secreted by cells and found in many biological fluids (e.g., serum/plasma), thus representing both optimal candidate disease biomarkers and mediators of tissues crosstalk(s). Here, we analyzed the expression profiles of circulating miRNAs in plasma samples obtained from n = 21 GDM patients and from n = 10 non-diabetic control pregnant women (24–33 weeks of gestation) using TaqMan array microfluidics cards followed by RT-real-time PCR single assay validation. The results highlighted the upregulation of miR-330-3p in plasma of GDM vs non-diabetics. Furthermore, the analysis of miR-330-3p expression levels revealed a bimodally distributed GDM patients group characterized by high or low circulating miR-330 expression and identified as GDM-miR-330high and GDM-miR-330low. Interestingly, GDM-miR-330high subgroup retained lower levels of insulinemia, inversely correlated to miR-330-3p expression levels, and a significant higher rate of primary cesarean sections. Finally, miR-330-3p target genes analysis revealed major modulators of beta-cell proliferation and of insulin secretion, such as the experimentally validated genes E2F1 and CDC42 as well as AGT2R2, a gene involved in the differentiation of mature beta-cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that plasma miR-330-3p could be of help in identifying GDM patients with potential worse gestational diabetes outcome; in GDM, miR-330-3p may directly be transferred from plasma to beta-cells thus modulating key target genes involved in proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating microRNA (miRNA) Expression Profiling in Plasma of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Reveals Upregulation of miRNA miR-330-3p

et al. 2017

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“…GDM is a pregnancy complication affecting both the mother and the baby even after delivery. Adverse complications for the mother such as preeclampsia, still birth, abortion, early delivery, caesarean delivery, risk for cardiovascular diseases and T2DM and others, and for the baby such as macrosomia, fetal malformation, obesity, risk for T2DM, and among others have been noted [11,14,15]. And to prevent these complications, a good diagnostic criterion that will screen the mother early during pregnancy is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current test done to diagnose GDM is oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and results are commonly interpreted using the criteria set by either the World Health Organization (WHO), American Diabetes Association (ADA), or International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) [6,10,11]. Three criteria are available for the diagnosis of GDM and selection of criterion is dependent on the laboratory protocol or on the preference of the obstetrician-gynecologist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using 75-g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Following the WHO, ADA, and IADPSG Criteria

Pineda-Cortel¹,

Manalo²,

Canivel³

et al. 2018

J Diabetes Metab

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Aim: We aim to compare the World Health Organization (WHO), American Diabetes Association (ADA), and the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria to diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus in Metro Manila, Philippines. Materials and methods: We used a retrospective cohort study design and reviewed 75-g oral glucose tolerance test results of 919 pregnant women at selected hospital-based and free-standing laboratories in Metro Manila. We used three criteria for diagnosing GDM namely, WHO

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“…GDM is the most common pregnancy metabolic disorder with an increasing prevalence ranging from less than 1 to 28% [16][17][18] that parallels the worldwide epidemic of T2DM [19]. The frequency of occurrence depends on diagnostic methods, ethnicity, and body composition [20]. Some ethnic groups have been long associated with an increased risk of GDM, and the prevalence seems particularly higher among women from South Asia and South East Asia than from Caucasian, African-American, and Hispanic communities [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index and Insulin Sensitivity/Resistance: Cross Talks in Gestational Diabetes, Normal Pregnancy and Beyond

Genova¹,

Atanasova²,

Todorova-Ananieva³

2019

Body-Mass Index and Health

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Pregnancy is a complex of metabolic, physiological, biochemical, and immunological changes in women's body, usually reversible after delivery in normal pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as "any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during the current pregnancy." The etiology of the GDM is multifactorial and not sufficiently elucidated. The overweight and obesity during prepregnancy and pregnancy are one of the main modifiable risk factors of GDM. Maternal obesity increases the risk of a number of pregnancy complications, adverse pregnancy outcome for mother and child, and related chronic conditions in women. The obesity prevalence is the greatest among children of obese mothers, and an independent association between maternal body mass index and offspring adiposity and insulin resistance exists. Although the underlying mechanism remains unclear, available evidence suggests that GDM pathogenesis is based on relatively diminished insulin secretion coupled with pregnancy-induced insulin resistance. Recent findings provide data that higher BMI leads to decreased insulin sensitivity and higher degree of insulin resistance and contributes to GDM development.

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Gestational diabetes: An overview with attention for developing countries

Cited by 27 publications

References 74 publications

Circulating microRNA (miRNA) Expression Profiling in Plasma of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Reveals Upregulation of miRNA miR-330-3p

Circulating microRNA (miRNA) Expression Profiling in Plasma of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Reveals Upregulation of miRNA miR-330-3p

Screening and Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using 75-g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Following the WHO, ADA, and IADPSG Criteria

Body Mass Index and Insulin Sensitivity/Resistance: Cross Talks in Gestational Diabetes, Normal Pregnancy and Beyond

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