“GGE biplot” assessment of phenotypic stability of spring barley varieties

Abstract

Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS, Ukraine Bondareva O. B. Donetsk Experiment Station of NAAS, Ukraine Kovalenko A. L. Research Station of Bast Crops of the Institute of Agriculture of Northern-East NAAS, UkraineThe article presents GGE biplot analysis of results of environmental trials in 17 varieties of spring barley bred at the Plant Production Institute nd. a V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS. The study results discriminate genotypes with stable realization of their genetic potential in a number of environments as well as genotypes combining a high level of a trait with its stable expression. The varieties Kozvan, Perl, Agrariy and Kosar were chosen as valuable source material for spring barley breeding. We think that GGE biplot can be a comprehensive alternative to the most conventional methods of assessment of adaptive features in genotypes.Introduction. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a strategic export-oriented agricultural plant in Ukraine. Increase in gross output of barley grain is impossible without implementation of high-yielding barley varieties that are resistant to biotic and abiotic factors.Analysis of publications, pose the problem. Environmental variety trials are an important tool for selection of genotypes with specific (narrow) or wide adaptation to a certain environment or to a range of environments, which enables predicting yield capacity of genotypes under these conditions and ultimately increases farmers' labor efficiency [1,2]. Nevertheless, capabilities of environmental trials are not always used to the full: usually yield capacity of genotypes is only analyzed, but information on other traits remains unstudied [3].The observed phenotypic variance (P) of traits consists of environment variance (E), genotype variance (G) and genotype × environment interaction (GE): P = G + GE + E or P -E = G + GE [4]. W. Yan [5] points out that E effect forms the major part of the total phenotype variability, and contributions of G and GE are generally small. However, G and GE effects must be taken into account in the process of selection of high-yielding genotypes.The term «GGE» emphasizes understanding that G and GE are two sources of variation that are pertinent to genotype assessment and must be considered simultaneously, when genotype × environment interactions are investigated.With time, GGE biplot analysis has turned into a complex analysis system, as a result of which the majority of environmental trial datum patterns can be displayed graphically [6][7][8][9].The aim and tasks of the study. The study purpose was evaluation of adaptive features of spring barley varieties in terms of performance and its elements using GGE biplot and discrimination of valuable source material for breeding of this plant.Material and methods. The source material was 17 varieties of spring barley bred at the Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS. To determine their adaptive potential, in 2013 environmental trials were conducted in three locations with different soilclimatic conditions: Plant Pr...

Evaluation of Winter Barley Cultivars for Resistance to Leaf Fungal Diseases and Yield in the Conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

“…In connection with global climate change and warming, the selection of varieties of winter cereals for specific soil and climatic conditions with high winter hardiness and disease resistance is of particular importance (Levitin, 2012;Solonechnyi et al, 2017).…”

“…One of the factors that negatively affects the yield is the impact of harmful pathogens. According to leading scientists (Solonechnyi et al, 2017;Vasylkivsky & Sabadyn, 2015;Lytvynenko & Volkodav, 2005), plant diseases are one of the main factors destabilising agricultural production. In most areas of Ukraine, fungal pathogens of winter barley reduce yields and worsen grain quality.…”

“…The emergence and reproduction of new races of pathogens leads to the loss of resistance varieties. With the help of growing resistant varieties can significantly improve the ecological characteristics of agrocenoses, increase the profitability of plant production (Solonechnyi et al, 2014).…”

“…Among the main causes of mass destruction of cereals, researchers call the narrowing of genetic diversity, insufficient use in the selection of introgression of resistance genes from wild plant species and the disappearance of local adapted varieties -sources of resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors (Solonechnyi et al, 2014;Solonechnyi et al, 2017;BLyzniuk et al, 2019).…”

“…A genotype with complex resistance to dark brown spot pathogens and other diseases is rare, which is especially valuable for the selection of geneticists. Creation and introduction into production of resistant varieties of this culture to the action of various diseases (with a sign of complex resistance) is a priority for breeders and geneticists (Solonechnyi et al, 2017;Blyzniuk et al, 2019;Shishkin & Derova, 2014). It has already become clear that the use of sustainable varieties is an important environmental factor that provides a significant reduction in energy costs for crop production.…”