Giardiavirus: an update

Lagunas‐Rangel, Francisco Alejandro; Kameyama-Kawabe, Luis; Bermúdez‐Cruz, Rosa María

doi:10.1007/s00436-021-07167-y

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, viruses that do not encode a protease rely on their host counterparts for protein processing, as seen with two members of the Totiviridae family. A specific host cysteine protease separates the capsid and replicase polyprotein of Giardiavirus (GLV) and Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) [ 46 , 47 ]. In the prototype of the genus Victorvirus (family Totiviridae ), helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S (HvV190S), proteolytic processing mediated by unknown proteases results in HvV190S structural proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Capsid Protein Fragment of a Fusagra-like Virus Found in Carica papaya Latex Interacts with the 50S Ribosomal Protein L17

Maurastoni

Antunes

Abreu

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Papaya sticky disease is caused by the association of a fusagra-like and an umbra-like virus, named papaya meleira virus (PMeV) and papaya meleira virus 2 (PMeV2), respectively. Both viral genomes are encapsidated in particles formed by the PMeV ORF1 product, which has the potential to encode a protein with 1563 amino acids (aa). However, the structural components of the viral capsid are unknown. To characterize the structural proteins of PMeV and PMeV2, virions were purified from Carica papaya latex. SDS-PAGE analysis of purified virus revealed two major proteins of ~40 kDa and ~55 kDa. Amino-terminal sequencing of the ~55 kDa protein and LC-MS/MS of purified virions indicated that this protein starts at aa 263 of the deduced ORF1 product as a result of either degradation or proteolytic processing. A yeast two-hybrid assay was used to identify Arabidopsis proteins interacting with two PMeV ORF1 product fragments (aa 321–670 and 961–1200). The 50S ribosomal protein L17 (AtRPL17) was identified as potentially associated with modulated translation-related proteins. In plant cells, AtRPL17 co-localized and interacted with the PMeV ORF1 fragments. These findings support the hypothesis that the interaction between PMeV/PMeV2 structural proteins and RPL17 is important for virus–host interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Capsid Protein Fragment of a Fusagra-like Virus Found in Carica papaya Latex Interacts with the 50S Ribosomal Protein L17

Maurastoni

Antunes

Abreu

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…The structure and morphology of PPVs, a generic term for a range of viruses from different families and genera, are closely associated with the viral life cycle. Although most PPVs are monomeric linear dsRNA genomes ( 130 , 131 ), differences in infecting species have led to the development of various forms as follows: LmarLBV1 is a tripartite linear ssRNA(−) ( 22 ), CSpV1 is a bi-fragmented linear dsRNA and MaRNAV1 is a bi-fragmented linear ssRNA(+) ( 1 ). Information diversity affecting the genome may be attributed to the variability of parasite species.…”

Section: Current Issues and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Regulations of Parasitic Protozoan Viruses: A Double-Edged Sword for Protozoa

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

mBio

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PPVs-based regulation of parasitic protozoa can provide a theoretical basis and direction for PPD prevention and control, although PPVs and PPV regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we investigated the differences between PPVs and the unique properties of each virus regarding virus discovery, structures, and life cycles, focused on the Trichomonas vaginalis virus, Giardia lamblia virus, Leishmania RNA virus, and the Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1.

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“…Giardia can be infected by the Giardia lamblia virus (GLV), the only recognized species of genus GLV, and belongs to the Totiviridae family, which was originally identified in a G. duodenalis isolate from a human patient (HP-1, Human Portland-1) 35 years ago [ 14 , 17 , 18 ]. The growth of Giardia is stopped when GLV reaches a high titer (approximately 500,000 viruses per trophozoite) [ 19 ]. However, the effect of GLV on the virulence of Giardia is yet to be clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GLV is a non-enveloped linear double-strand RNA (dsRNA) virus [ 19 ]. The genome of GLV is about 6.3 kb and contains two overlapping ORFs that encode two proteins, the viral capsid protein (100KDa) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, 190KDa), respectively [ 18 , 19 ]. It has been suggested that GLV enters trophozoites through receptor-mediated endocytosis and leaves the cell without lysis [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A potential role for Giardia chaperone protein GdDnaJ in regulating Giardia proliferation and Giardiavirus replication

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Giardia duodenalis (referred to as Giardia) is a flagellated binucleate protozoan parasite, which causes one of the most common diarrheal diseases, giardiasis, worldwide. Giardia can be infected by Giardiavirus (GLV), a small endosymbiotic dsRNA virus belongs to the Totiviridae family. However, the regulation of GLV and a positive correlation between GLV and Giardia virulence is yet to be elucidated. Methods To identify potential regulators of GLV, we performed a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screen to search for interacting proteins of RdRp. GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay were used to verify the direct physical interaction between GLV RdRp and its new binding partner. In addition, their in vivo interaction and colocalization in Giardia trophozoites were examined by using Duolink proximal ligation assay (Duolink PLA). Results From Y2H screen, the Giardia chaperone protein, Giardia DnaJ (GdDnaJ), was identified as a new binding partner for GLV RdRp. The direct interaction between GdDnaJ and GLV RdRp was verified via GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation and BiFC. In addition, colocalization and in vivo interaction between GdDnaJ and RdRp in Giardia trophozoites were confirmed by Duolink PLA. Further analysis revealed that KNK437, the inhibitor of GdDnaJ, can significantly reduce the replication of GLVs and the proliferation of Giardia. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggested a potential role of GdDnaJ in regulating Giardia proliferation and GLV replication through interaction with GLV RdRp. Graphical Abstract

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Giardiavirus: an update

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

A Capsid Protein Fragment of a Fusagra-like Virus Found in Carica papaya Latex Interacts with the 50S Ribosomal Protein L17

A Capsid Protein Fragment of a Fusagra-like Virus Found in Carica papaya Latex Interacts with the 50S Ribosomal Protein L17

Multiple Regulations of Parasitic Protozoan Viruses: A Double-Edged Sword for Protozoa

A potential role for Giardia chaperone protein GdDnaJ in regulating Giardia proliferation and Giardiavirus replication

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