Gibberellin Metabolism and Signaling: Targets for Improving Agronomic Performance of Crops

Gao, Shaopei; Chu, Chengcai

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcaa104

Cited by 93 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Values for nitrogen‐use efficiency strongly depend on the amount of plant‐available N. With increasing N application not only a decrease in N‐uptake efficiency was observed, but also a successive decline in N‐utilization efficiency (Barbieri et al., 2008; Gao & Chu, 2020; Haegele et al., 2013; Liao et al., 2012; O’Neill et al., 2004; Wang et al., 2020). In contrast to nitrogen‐use efficiency, information about P‐ and K‐use efficiencies is scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can nutrient‐utilization efficiency be improved by reduced fertilizer supply to maize plants treated with the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol?

Hütsch

Schubert

2021

J Agronomy Crop Science

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In previous investigations of several maize cultivars, an improvement of the harvest index was obtained by paclobutrazol (PAC) application combined with an increase in water‐use efficiency. However, so far nutrient‐utilization efficiencies could not be enhanced when control and PAC‐treated maize plants received the same amount of fertilizers. With adjusted fertilizer supply according to the lower requirement of the smaller, PAC‐treated plants, an improvement of nutrient‐utilization efficiencies may be expected. Thus, in the present study, PAC was applied at growth stage V5 to two maize cultivars (Zea mays L. cvs. Galactus and Fabregas) grown in a container experiment. Shortly after PAC application, differential NPK fertilization was introduced in order to obtain a nutrient supply according to the requirement of control plants (100% NPK), the requirement of PAC‐treated plants (85% NPK) and a further slight decrease (78% NPK). Plant height and transpiration rates were significantly reduced due to PAC treatment with stronger effects on Galactus than on Fabregas. Pollen shed, silking and the anthesis‐silking interval (ASI) were unaffected by PAC application and fertilizer supply. Senescence of PAC‐treated plants was delayed, whereas it was accelerated with reduced fertilizer supply. The grain yield of cultivar Galactus was significantly decreased due to PAC application by 13% to 20%, and this effect was strengthened due to reduction in NPK supply. These grain yield reductions were solely caused by decreases in kernel number, which were closely linked to reductions in cob length. On the contrary, PAC treatment did not affect grain yield of Fabregas and reductions due to less NPK supply were small. Harvest index and water‐use efficiency were enhanced by PAC treatment. Plant nutrient contents were similar for control and PAC‐treated plants, but strongly related to fertilizer supply with significant decreases due to reductions in NPK application. The N‐, P‐ and K‐utilization efficiencies of both cultivars were either decreased or unaffected by PAC treatments. The key constraint for improvements of nutrient‐utilization efficiencies is grain yield reduction due to PAC. This problem should be addressed in further studies with avoidance of grain yield decreases by delayed application time combined with fine‐tuning of cultivar‐specific PAC application rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can nutrient‐utilization efficiency be improved by reduced fertilizer supply to maize plants treated with the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol?

Hütsch

Schubert

2021

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…Gibberellins belongs to a large group of tetracyclic diterpenoid carboxylic acid derivatives which have various physiological functions, such as stimulating organ growth through enhancement of cell division and cell elongation [ 151 , 152 ]. Gibberellic acid (GA) is the most common form of gibberellin [ 153 , 154 , 155 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Plant Growth Regulators On Plant Performance Under Saline Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Performance of Salt-Grown Crops by Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators

et al. 2021

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Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses restricting plant growth and development. Application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) is a possible practical means for minimizing salinity-induced yield losses, and can be used in addition to or as an alternative to crop breeding for enhancing salinity tolerance. The PGRs auxin, cytokinin, nitric oxide, brassinosteroid, gibberellin, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, jasmonate, and ethylene have been advocated for practical use to improve crop performance and yield under saline conditions. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the effectiveness of various PGRs in ameliorating the detrimental effects of salinity on plant growth and development, and elucidates the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying this process by linking PGRs with their downstream targets and signal transduction pathways. It is shown that, while each of these PGRs possesses an ability to alter plant ionic and redox homeostasis, the complexity of interactions between various PGRs and their involvement in numerous signaling pathways makes it difficult to establish an unequivocal causal link between PGRs and their downstream effectors mediating plants’ adaptation to salinity. The beneficial effects of PGRs are also strongly dependent on genotype, the timing of application, and the concentration used. The action spectrum of PGRs is also strongly dependent on salinity levels. Taken together, this results in a rather narrow “window” in which the beneficial effects of PGR are observed, hence limiting their practical application (especially under field conditions). It is concluded that, in the light of the above complexity, and also in the context of the cost–benefit analysis, crop breeding for salinity tolerance remains a more reliable avenue for minimizing the impact of salinity on plant growth and yield. Further progress in the field requires more studies on the underlying cell-based mechanisms of interaction between PGRs and membrane transporters mediating plant ion homeostasis.

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“…Consequently, disruption in auxin synthesis or auxin transport results in fewer rachis branches and reduced GNPP in rice [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. GA can affect panicle-associated traits including panicle length, rachis branch number and GNPP in rice [ 15 ]. A previous study demonstrated that OsCYP71D8L controls panicle-related traits by regulating GA homeostasis.…”

Section: Panicle Development and Gnpp Determination In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Grain Number Determination in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Yin

Zhu

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Rice grain yield is a complex trait determined by three components: panicle number, grain number per panicle (GNPP) and grain weight. GNPP is the major contributor to grain yield and is crucial for its improvement. GNPP is determined by a series of physiological and biochemical steps, including inflorescence development, formation of rachis branches such as primary rachis branches and secondary rachis branches, and spikelet specialisation (lateral and terminal spikelets). The molecular genetic basis of GNPP determination is complex, and it is regulated by numerous interlinked genes. In this review, panicle development and the determination of GNPP is described briefly, and GNPP-related genes that influence its determination are categorised according to their regulatory mechanisms. We introduce genes related to rachis branch development and their regulation of GNPP, genes related to phase transition (from rachis branch meristem to spikelet meristem) and their regulation of GNPP, and genes related to spikelet specialisation and their regulation of GNPP. In addition, we describe other GNPP-related genes and their regulation of GNPP. Research on GNPP determination suggests that it is possible to cultivate rice varieties with higher grain yield by modifying GNPP-related genes.

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Gibberellin Metabolism and Signaling: Targets for Improving Agronomic Performance of Crops

Cited by 93 publications

References 124 publications

Can nutrient‐utilization efficiency be improved by reduced fertilizer supply to maize plants treated with the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol?

Can nutrient‐utilization efficiency be improved by reduced fertilizer supply to maize plants treated with the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol?

Improving Performance of Salt-Grown Crops by Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators

Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Grain Number Determination in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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