Gibberellin Metabolism During Stem Elongation Stimulated by High Temperature in Lettuce

Fukuda, Machiko; Matsuo, Satoshi; Kikuchi, Kaori; Mitsuhashi, Wataru; Toyomasu, Tomonobu; Honda, Ichiro

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2012.932.52

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Researchers have found that the soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid, peroxisome (POD), and vitamin C (Vc) contents are likely germane to the initiation of bolting in mustard and cabbage [ 2 ]. Gibberellins (GAs) are phytohormones that regulate many aspects of plant growth and development, including bolting [ 3 ]. A puzzling and controversial phenomenon is that ethylene delays bolting in wild-type Arabidopsis , yet both the constitutive triple response mutant ( ctr1-1 ) and ethylene-insensitive mutants ( etr1-1 and ein2-5 ) exhibit a similar delayed bolting phenotype [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that a high temperature induced bolting in lettuce and that GAs played an important role in this process. LsGA3ox1 is a gene that is possibly responsible for the increased GA1, but the mechanism of GA metabolism and/or action may differ among cultivars with different bolting characteristics [ 3 ]. SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 ( SOC1 ) encodes a MADS-box protein that integrates multiple flowering signals derived from photoperiod, temperature, hormone and age-related pathways [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Reveals Molecular Basis-Associated Auxin and Photosynthesis with Bolting Induced by High Temperature

Hao

Zhang

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Bolting is a key process in the growth and development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). A high temperature can induce early bolting, which decreases both the quality and production of lettuce. However, knowledge of underlying lettuce bolting is still lacking. To better understand the molecular basis of bolting, a comparative proteomics analysis was conducted on lettuce stems, during the bolting period induced by a high temperature (33 °C) and a control temperature (20 °C) using iTRAQ-based proteomics, phenotypic measures, and biological verifications using qRT-PCR and Western blot. The high temperature induced lettuce bolting, while the control temperature did not. Of the 5454 identified proteins, 619 proteins presented differential abundance induced by high-temperature relative to the control group, of which 345 had an increased abundance and 274 had a decreased abundance. Proteins with an abundance level change were mainly enriched in pathways associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism involved in auxin (IAA) biosynthesis. Moreover, among the proteins with differential abundance, proteins associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism were increased. These findings indicate that a high temperature enhances the function of photosynthesis and IAA biosynthesis to promote the process of bolting, which is in line with the physiology and transcription level of IAA metabolism. Our data provide a first comprehensive dataset for gaining novel understanding of the molecular basis underlying lettuce bolting induced by high temperature. It is potentially important for further functional analysis and genetic manipulation for molecular breeding to breed new cultivars of lettuce to restrain early bolting, which is vital for improving vegetable quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Reveals Molecular Basis-Associated Auxin and Photosynthesis with Bolting Induced by High Temperature

Hao

Zhang

et al. 2018

IJMS

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“…43 This phenomenon known as bolting, affects severely the yield and quality of lettuce due to stem elongation and is stimulated by both high temperatures and endogenous metabolism of gibberellic acid (GA). 44,45 Rabinowitch et al, 46 found that the application of GA3 at 500 to 1000ppm enhanced flowering of normal genotypes and improved seed yields in onion plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Soaked Allium Cepa L. Bulbs in Growth Regulators on their Growth and Seeds Production

AA¹

2016

APAR

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An field investigation was carried out to obtain the best treatment for onion seed quantity and quality in seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. The earliness of bolting and bolting period was found from treated onion bulbs with GA3 at 1000ppm and CCC at 100ppm compared to the control during both seasons. The highest significant differences of seed yield, weight of 1000 seeds and seed germination % was found from GA3 at 1000ppm compared to the control. On the other side, there are significant differences in seed yield were found from CCC at 1000 ppm, while the average weight of 1000 seeds and seed germination was obtained from CCC at 100ppm.Keywords: GA3, CCC, Allium cepa, seeds production, soaked bulbs Advances in Plants & Agriculture ResearchResearch Article Open Access and also growing season, [33][34][35] showed results of an experiment which carried out to establish the effect of cycocel concentrations (0, 1000, 1500, 2000ppm) on the quality characters of Kharif Onion viz., TSS, Sulphur and Protein content (%) in bulbs. Effect of soaked allium cepa L. bulbs in growth regulators on their growth and seeds productionCCC sprayed at the umbels significantly increased the gynogenic embryo rate, which was more than three times higher than the control. 36 Spraying onion plants with CCC reduced seed stalk height and diameter, umbel diameter and average number of flowers per umbel Percentage germination of the seeds produced and 1000-seed weight. 10 Moreover, the heaviest fresh and dry weights of flowers/ plant were gained by 2000ppm CCC-sprayed plants. 34 Cycocel (CCC) is an onion compound and regarded as most consumed moderator of plant growth especially in Europe and nowadays, is frequently applied to decrease the dormancy and control the germination growth of cultivating plants. 31 CCC prevents the activities of synthesized anticovering enzyme and decreases the plant height. 37 Seed performance of plants treated with CCC leads to the increases in root growth and water potential in the leaves. 31 Also, Cycocel decreases the height of plant and increases the vertical growth of branches so that the plant receives much light to do photosynthesis which improves the yield of seeds. 38 Treatment with CCC (chloromequat) and camposan M (ethephon), when applied in combination, reduced plant height and increased the resistance of the peduncles to bending, therby facilitating mechanical seed harvest. 39 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of GA3 and CCC on leaf photosynthesis, flowering scapes number and seed yield, seed weight, seed germination percentage. In this thesis, we describe the experiments in which GA3 and CCC were applied to Allium cepa, in an attempt to enhance the plant growth and seed yield as well as improvement of the seed quality. Materials and methodsAllium cepa L. cv Giza 20 which is the most popular variety in A. R. Egypt was used in this investigation. Onion bulbs of used variety Giza 20 in this investigation were obtained from Onion Research Section, Agricultural Research ...

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“…In addition, MADS-box genes and GAs can regulate bolting in lettuce [ 18 ]. Overexpression of LsGA3ox1 may increase the GA1 content to promote early bolting in lettuce [ 19 ]. Transcriptomic analysis of lettuce heat treatment was performed and showed the upregulation of genes implicated in photosynthesis, oxidation-reduction and auxin activity [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative proteomic analyses reveal that energy metabolism and protein biosynthesis reinitiation are responsible for the initiation of bolting induced by high temperature in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Hao

Zhang

et al. 2021

BMC Genomics

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Background Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), one of the most economically important leaf vegetables, exhibits early bolting under high-temperature conditions. Early bolting leads to loss of commodity value and edibility, leading to considerable loss and waste of resources. However, the initiation and molecular mechanism underlying early bolting induced by high temperature remain largely elusive. Results In order to better understand this phenomenon, we defined the lettuce bolting starting period, and the high temperature (33 °C) and controlled temperature (20 °C) induced bolting starting phase of proteomics is analyzed, based on the iTRAQ-based proteomics, phenotypic measurement, and biological validation by RT-qPCR. Morphological and microscopic observation showed that the initiation of bolting occurred 8 days after high-temperature treatment. Fructose accumulated rapidly after high-temperature treatment. During initiation of bolting, of the 3305 identified proteins, a total of 93 proteins exhibited differential abundances, 38 of which were upregulated and 55 downregulated. Approximately 38% of the proteins were involved in metabolic pathways and were clustered mainly in energy metabolism and protein synthesis. Furthermore, some proteins involved in sugar synthesis were differentially expressed and were also associated with energy production. Conclusions This report is the first to report on the metabolic changes involved in the initiation of bolting in lettuce. Our study suggested that energy metabolism and ribosomal proteins are pivotal components during initiation of bolting. This study could provide a potential regulatory mechanism for the initiation of early bolting by high temperature, which could have applications in the manipulation of lettuce for breeding.

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Gibberellin Metabolism During Stem Elongation Stimulated by High Temperature in Lettuce

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Reveals Molecular Basis-Associated Auxin and Photosynthesis with Bolting Induced by High Temperature

Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Reveals Molecular Basis-Associated Auxin and Photosynthesis with Bolting Induced by High Temperature

Effect of Soaked Allium Cepa L. Bulbs in Growth Regulators on their Growth and Seeds Production

Quantitative proteomic analyses reveal that energy metabolism and protein biosynthesis reinitiation are responsible for the initiation of bolting induced by high temperature in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

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