Gigabit per second visible light communication based on AlGaInP red micro-LED micro-transfer printed onto diamond and glass

Abstract

Full-color smart displays, which act both as a display and as a high-speed visible light communication (VLC) transmitter, can be realized by the integration of red-green-blue micron-sized light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) onto a common platform. In this work, we report on the integration of aluminum gallium indium phosphide red micro-LEDs onto diamond and glass substrates by micro-transfer printing and their application in VLC. The device on-diamond exhibits high current density and bandwidth operation, enabled by diamond’s superior thermal properties. Employing an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation scheme, error-free data rates of 2.6 Gbps and 5 Gbps are demonstrated for a single micro-LED printed on-glass and on-diamond, respectively. In a parallel configuration, a 2x1 micro-LED array achieves error-free data rates of 3 Gbps and 6.6 Gbps, on-glass and on-diamond, respectively.

A full degree-of-freedom photonic crystal spatial light modulator

“…The PhC-SLM opens the door to a number of applications and opportunities, including: high-definition, highframe-rate holographic displays by the integration of a back-reflector (see Appendices E-G) for one-sided, phaseonly, and full-DoF spatiotemporal modulation; compact device integration via direct transfer printing of our cavity arrays onto a high-bandwidth µLED array [94]; threedimensional optical addressing and imaging by combining on-demand µLED control with statically trimmed detuning profiles that continuously steer pre-programmed patterns [95]; large-scale programmable unitary transformations for universal linear optics processors [96]; focal plane array sensors for high-spatial-resolution readout of refractive index perturbations in imaging applications from endoscopy to bolometry and quantum-limited superresolution [97][98][99]; optical neural network acceleration via low-power, high-density unitary transformation of free-space optical inputs [5,100]; and high-speed adaptive optics enabling free-space compressive sensing, deepbrain neural stimulation, and real-time scattering matrix inversion in complex media [101,102]. Moreover, whereas we have so far considered only mode transformations, the PhC-SLM's high-Q/V resonant enhancement suggests the possibility of programming the quantum optical excitations/fields of these modes for applications ranging from multimode squeezed light generation [103], to multiplexed single photon sources for linear optics quantum computing [6,104] or deterministic photonic logic [105,106].…”

Micro‐Light Emitting Diode: From Chips to Applications

“…The external quantum efficiency (EQE) was found to depend on the LED size. [ 10,13–29 ] For instance, Figure a–c exhibits the EQEs of different size red, green, and blue LEDs as a function of current density. [ 17,19,22 ] The maximum EQE decreases with decreasing LED size and the maximum EQE is obtained at higher current densities as chip size decreases.…”

“…[ 57 ] In addition, due to diamond's superior thermal conductivity properties ( k = 2200 W m −1 K −1 ), micro‐LED on‐diamond was shown to sustain current densities up to 790 W cm −2 without any thermal roll‐over. [ 58 ]…”

“…A SER process was used to serially connect a GaN‐MOSFET and MOSCHEMTs to the exposed n ‐GaN LED contact [ 63,64 ] ( Figure a). The LED/MOSFET device gave a maximum output current, I DS = 1050 mA mm −1 and peak transconductance, g m = 368 mS mm −1[ 58 ] (Figure 3b).…”

10 Gbps wavelength division multiplexing using UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C micro-LEDs

“…A MATLAB code was used to generate the DC-biased optical (DCO)-OFDM data similar to our previous work [16,21,22]. This code allowed for the evaluation and control of the setup's performance, such as the peak-to-peak voltage, OFDM signal clipping, modulation bandwidth, number of subcarriers, cyclic prefix (CP) length, and the target bit error rate (BER) for adaptive bit and energy loading algorithm, which determined the final data rates achieved.…”