Gilt reproductive performance in a tropical environment after oestrus synchronization and fixed-time artificial insemination

Tummaruk, Padet; Sang-Gassanee, Kridtasak; Audban, Chairach; Pichitpantapong, Somjit; Panyathong, Raphee; Lin, Hongyao; Rensis, F. De

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.08.026

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Additionally, the proportion of sows with delayed ovulation was greater in the warm than cold seasons (Lopes et al, 2014). Similarly, a study conducted in a tropical zone demonstrated that the percentage of sows ovulating between 44 and 56 h after GnRH administration was higher in the cold season compared to the warm season (Pearodwong et al, 2019) days, GnRH (buserelin) at 120 h after the withdrawal of altrenogest and then AI at 24 and 32 h after the administration of GnRH (Tummaruk et al, 2022). Interestingly, some gilts with no detected estrus but which were inseminated became pregnant and farrowed (Tummaruk et al, 2022).…”

Section: Management Of Gilts and Sow Under Heat Stress During Hot Seasonmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…On average, the temperature inside the barn during the hot season is 4.2°C higher than during the cool season. Moreover, the proportion of days during which the temperature inside the barn rose above 25.0°C in the hot season was higher than in the cool season (52.4% and 25.6%, respectively; Tummaruk et al, 2022). These data indicate that, in Thailand, sows can be under heat stress during some periods of the year, even if there are systems to control the ambient temperature and humidity.…”

Section: Typical Climatic Aspects Of a Tropical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another approach during the summer months is associated with the longer wean-to-estrus intervals and shorter estrus-ovulation intervals (Koketsu & Dial, 1997) that occur in heat stress sows because follicular development is compromised. In this case, treatment with GnRH (to better control the timing of ovulation), or by feeding altrenogest for 15 days after weaning (to provide sufficient time for follicle development in those sows having relatively small follicles at weaning), can help to reduce infertility during the warm period of the year (Tummaruk et al, 2022).…”

Section: Gestation and Lactation Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the control of follicle development and ovulation time may help to improve the reproductive performance of gilts under tropical conditions. Recently, Tummaruk et al (2022) demonstrated that the farrowing rate of gilts in a tropical environment can be improved from 76.0% to 83.8% to 89.7% after estrus synchronization and fixed‐time artificial insemination. The protocol of fixed‐time AI in gilts involved the administration of altrenogest for 18 days, GnRH (buserelin) at 120 h after the withdrawal of altrenogest and then AI at 24 and 32 h after the administration of GnRH (Tummaruk et al, 2022).…”

Section: Gilt Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Thailand, the day length is relatively constant throughout the year (12 ± 1 h) and the average outdoor maximum daily temperature and humidity varies among seasons from 29.9°C to 33.3°C and 64.2% to 81.7% (Tummaruk et al, 2010b). Typically, the average temperatures inside pig barns equipped with evaporative cooling systems in the tropics during cool and hot seasons are 21.7 ± 4.8 (range: 10.5–33.0) and 25.8 ± 2.1°C (range: 20.5–35.0), respectively and the average humidity inside the barns being 88.8 ± 9.1% (range: 51.0–97.0) and 87.8 ± 6.6% (range: 45.5–97.5), respectively (Tummaruk et al, 2022). On average, the temperature inside the barn during the hot season is 4.2°C higher than during the cool season.…”

Section: Typical Climatic Aspects Of a Tropical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing prolific sows in tropical environments

Tummaruk

Rensis

Kirkwood

2022

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Litter size in modern sows has been dramatically improved in recent decades by genetic selection for highly prolific sows. In a tropical environment, the average total number of pigs born and number born alive are reported to be as high as 17.2 and 15.1 piglets per litter, respectively. Therefore, the new production target in many herds aims to achieve 30–40 pigs weaned per sow per year. Despite the improvements in litter size, the mean preweaning piglet mortality rate remains high, at between 10% and 20%, in major pig‐producing countries. A sufficient daily feed intake by lactating sows is important for high milk production as sow milk yield is the limiting factor for piglet growth rate. Heat stress, which can occur when the ambient temperatures rise above 25°C, is one of the major problems that decreases daily feed intake and compromises milk yield. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage high feed intakes to achieve high milk yields. However, even with high nutrient intakes, productivity can be constrained by intestinal barrier function, limiting digestive ability, and allowing potential pathogens and/or toxins to become systemic. This is more likely greater under tropical conditions because of heat stress, exacerbating sow fertility problems. Underpinning sow herd performance, including responses to environmental challenges, is the selection of appropriate gilts, for example, selection and management for early puberty, thus presumably selecting the more fertile gilts and the correct management of lactation to improve the number of weaned piglets are some of the key factors for future reproductive efficiency of the farm under tropical conditions.

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Section: Management Of Gilts and Sow Under Heat Stress During Hot Seasonmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Typical Climatic Aspects Of a Tropical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Gestation and Lactation Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gilt Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Typical Climatic Aspects Of a Tropical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing prolific sows in tropical environments

Tummaruk

Rensis

Kirkwood

2022

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Application of Exogenous GnRH in Food Animal Production

Uddin

Petrovski

Song

et al. 2023

Animals

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Over several decades, exogenous GnRH and agonists have been employed for controlling reproductive cascades in animals, and treating some reproductive morbidities. The administration of GnRH is used in animals to counter ovarian dysfunction, induce ovulation, and to increase conception and pregnancy rates. GnRH and its agonists are used in the treatment of cystic ovarian degeneration and repeat breeder syndrome. The development of protocols for GnRH administration by intramuscular injection, intramuscular or subcutaneous implants, and intravaginal deposition has empowered their clinical use worldwide. Currently, exogenous GnRH products are a central part of several pre- and post-breeding programs for the enhancement of fertility, including the control of estrous cycles and timing of ovulation, development of fixed-time artificial insemination protocols, improved embryo survival, and the treatment of reproductive morbidity. The aim of the present review is to summarize the application of exogenous GnRH agonists in food animal production.

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Buserelin Acetate Added to Boar Semen Enhances Litter Size in Gilts in Tropical Environments

Taechamaeteekul,

Jaijarim,

Audban

et al. 2024

Animals

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The use of exogenous hormones has long been of interest for improving reproductive performance in swine production. Enhancing litter size directly impacts the economic efficiency of pig production. Various strategies, including nutritional, genetic, and hormonal approaches, have been explored with varying degrees of success. Administering a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, such as buserelin, at the onset of estrus can induce ovulation and reduce the variation in ovulation timing among sows. This study assessed the impact of GnRH agonist supplementation in boar semen doses on the litter size of inseminated gilts. The research was conducted on a commercial swine herd in northern Thailand. A total of 231 Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred gilts, aged 224.5 ± 16.2 days at the onset of estrus synchronization, participated in the experiment. The gilts’ estrus was synchronized with oral altrenogest supplementation at a dosage of 20 mg/day for 18 days. After exhibiting standing estrus, the gilts were randomly divided into three groups. Control group: gilts were inseminated at 0 and 12 h post standing estrus onset with a conventional semen dose (n = 94). Treatment 1: similar to the control group, but with an added 5 µg (1.25 mL) of buserelin acetate to the boar semen dose during the first insemination (n = 71). Treatment 2: similar to the control group, but with 10 µg (2.5 mL) of buserelin acetate added to the boar semen dose during the first insemination (n = 66). All gilts were inseminated twice during their standing estrus using the intrauterine artificial insemination method. Each semen dose contained 3.0 × 109 motile sperm in 80 mL. The farrowing rate averaged 78.8% and did not significantly differ between the groups (p = 0.141). The total number of piglets born per litter in the treatment 2 group was greater than in the control group (14.0 ± 0.3 vs. 13.2 ± 0.3, respectively, p = 0.049), but was not significantly different from the treatment 1 group (13.3 ± 0.3, p = 0.154). Similarly, the number of live-born piglets in the treatment 2 group was greater than in the control and treatment 1 groups (13.2 ± 0.4 vs. 12.3 ± 0.3 and 12.0 ± 0.4, respectively, p < 0.05). Moreover, the live-born piglets’ litter birth weight in the treatment 2 group was greater than in the control group (17.0 ± 0.4 vs. 15.6 ± 0.3 kg, respectively, p = 0.008) and the treatment 1 group (15.7 ± 0.4 kg, p = 0.025). In conclusion, adding a GnRH agonist to boar semen appears to enhance the litter size of gilts. Further research should focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms and determining the optimal dose and timing for GnRH agonist supplementation.

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Gilt reproductive performance in a tropical environment after oestrus synchronization and fixed-time artificial insemination

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Managing prolific sows in tropical environments

Managing prolific sows in tropical environments

Application of Exogenous GnRH in Food Animal Production

Buserelin Acetate Added to Boar Semen Enhances Litter Size in Gilts in Tropical Environments

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