Gingival hyperplasia associated with nifedipine therapy

Lederman, David S.; Lumerman, Harry; Reuben, Stephen; Freedman, Paul D.

doi:10.1016/0030-4220(84)90283-4

Cited by 179 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Chronic inflammation due to dental plaque frequently causes gingival overgrowth. [1][2][3][4] Drugs associated with gingival enlargement include antiepileptics such as phenytoin; 5-7 cyclosporin A; [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and calcium channel blockers, such as dihydropyridine, [17][18][19][20][21][22] verapamil, [23][24][25][26][27] and diltiazem. [27][28][29][30][31][32] The clinical and pathologic features in drug-induced gingival overgrowth are independent of the drug administered, which suggests a common pathway of induction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk of Gingival Enlargement in Patients Treated With Nifedipine

Miranda

Brunet

Roset

et al. 2001

Journal of Periodontology

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Background: Gingival enlargement is a known side effect of nifedipine use. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for gingival enlargement in nifedipinetreated patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary care center. Data from 65 patients taking nifedipine were compared with 147 controls who had never received the drug. All patients were examined for the presence of gingival enlargement using 2 different indices: vertical gingival overgrowth index (GO) in 6 points around each tooth, and horizontal MB index in the interdental area. Gingival index, plaque index, and probing depth were also evaluated.Results: The prevalence of gingival enlargement was significantly higher in nifedipine-treated cases than in controls (GO index, 33.8% versus 4.1%; MB index, 50.8% versus 7.5%, respectively). Higher gingival and plaque indices were observed in patients taking nifedipine. Among the possible risk factors, only the gingival index showed a significant association with gingival enlargement. The risk (odds ratio [OR]) of gingival enlargement associated with nifedipine therapy was 10.6 (3.8-29.1) for the GO index and 14.4 (6-34.6) for the MB index. Gingival index-adjusted ORs were 9.6 (3.3-28.1) and 9.7 (3.9-23.3), respectively. In the subset of high nifedipine exposure patients, the odds ratio for gingival enlargement increased to 17.4 (5.3-56.3) for the 3) for the MB index. The concordance between GO and MB indices showed a kappa value of 0.689 in controls and 0.642 in patients treated with nifedipine.Conclusions: Patients taking nifedipine are at high risk for gingival enlargement, and gingivitis acts as a predisposing factor. J Periodontol 2001;72:605-611.

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk of Gingival Enlargement in Patients Treated With Nifedipine

Miranda

Brunet

Roset

et al. 2001

Journal of Periodontology

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“…The synthesis and degradation of the collagen being altered lead to the abnormal growth [10]. Factors like age, genetic predisposition, pharmacological actions, dose, plaque, and oral hygiene have been attributed for gingival enlargement in nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nifedipine-Induced Gingival Hyperplasia: An Overlooked Adverse Effect

Eroğlu¹,

Uz²,

Işılak³

et al. 2012

J Clin Case Rep

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“…1,2 It is now well recognized that gingival hyperplasia is a rare adverse effect of all three classes of calcium channel blockers, with the impression that it is more common with the dihydropyridine calcium antagonists. It is usually seen within a few months of starting treatment and is reversible after discontinuation of therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%