Ginsenoside Rg3 protects glucocorticoid‑induced muscle atrophy <i>in vitro</i> through improving mitochondrial biogenesis and myotube growth

Kim, Ryuni; Kim, Jee Won; Lee, Sang-Jin; Bae, Gyu‐Un

doi:10.3892/mmr.2022.12610

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…NRF1 and 2 function as transcription factors that activate nuclear genes encoding various mitochondrial proteins, while TFAM governs mitochondrial DNA replication and transcription [ 54 ]. For this reason, many researchers are studying the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway as a factor related to mitochondrial biogenesis [ 55 , 56 ]. Therefore, for the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength, the harmonious regulation of myogenic gene expression and signals in myoblasts is crucial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ashwagandha Ethanol Extract Attenuates Sarcopenia-Related Muscle Atrophy in Aged Mice

Ko,

Chang,

Choi

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The investigation focused on the impact of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) extract (WSE) on age-related mechanisms affecting skeletal muscle sarcopenia-related muscle atrophy in aged mice. Beyond evaluating muscular aspects, the study explored chronic low-grade inflammation, muscle regeneration, and mitochondrial biogenesis. WSE administration, in comparison to the control group, demonstrated no significant differences in body weight, diet, or water intake, affirming its safety profile. Notably, WSE exhibited a propensity to reduce epidermal and abdominal fat while significantly increasing muscle mass at a dosage of 200 mg/kg. The muscle-to-fat ratio, adjusted for body weight, increased across all treatment groups. WSE administration led to a reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, mitigating inflammation-associated muscle atrophy. In a 12-month-old mouse model equivalent to a 50-year-old human, WSE effectively preserved muscle strength, stabilized grip strength, and increased muscle tissue weight. Positive effects were observed in running performance and endurance. Mechanistically, WSE balanced muscle protein synthesis/degradation, promoted fiber differentiation, and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis through the IGF-1/Akt/mTOR pathway. This study provides compelling evidence for the anti-sarcopenic effects of WSE, positioning it as a promising candidate for preventing sarcopenia pending further clinical validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ashwagandha Ethanol Extract Attenuates Sarcopenia-Related Muscle Atrophy in Aged Mice

Ko,

Chang,

Choi

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…mulberry extract, possessing antioxidant properties that exhibit potential in the treatment of muscle atrophy. [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] Overall, these antioxidants hold great promise for improving muscle atrophy and warrant further clinical investigation.…”

Section: Maintains Mitochondrial Function Protects Proteostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Strategies for Muscle Atrophy: Current Evidence and Underlying Mechanisms

Shen,

Zhang,

Dai

et al. 2024

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Skeletal muscle can undergo detrimental changes in various diseases, leading to muscle dysfunction and atrophy, thus severely affecting people's lives. Along with exercise, there is a growing interest in the potential of nutritional support against muscle atrophy. This review provides a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms driving skeletal muscle atrophy and summarizes recent advances in nutritional interventions for preventing and treating muscle atrophy. The nutritional supplements include amino acids and their derivatives (such as leucine, β‐hydroxy, β‐methylbutyrate, and creatine), various antioxidant supplements (like Coenzyme Q10 and mitoquinone, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, Omega 3 fatty acids), minerals (such as magnesium and selenium), and vitamins (such as vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E), as well as probiotics and prebiotics (like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and 1‐kestose). Furthermore, the study discusses the impact of a combined approach involving nutritional support and physical therapy to prevent muscle atrophy, suggests appropriate multi‐nutritional and multi‐modal interventions based on individual conditions to optimize treatment outcomes, and enhances the recovery of muscle function for patients. By understanding the molecular mechanisms behind skeletal muscle atrophy and implementing appropriate interventions, it is possible to enhance the recovery of muscle function and improve patients' quality of life.

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“…130 Rg3 has also been shown to be effective in preventing DEX-triggered myotubular mitochondrial dysfunction through PGC1α and its mitochondrial biogenetic transcription factors, nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), thereby preventing or slowing down muscle atrophy. 131 Interestingly, Rg3 upregulates the expression of extracellular matrix proteins, growth-related immediate early genes and cell proliferation genes in UV-treated normal human dermal fibroblasts, thereby protecting mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial function. 132 An analog of hydroperoxides, tert -butyl hydroperoxide ( t -BHP), has been shown to induce senescence in human diploid fibroblasts.…”

Section: Antiaging Mechanisms Of Ginsenosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-aging mechanism of ginsenosides with medicine and food homology

Tian,

Ko,

Luo

et al. 2023

Food Funct.

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Ginsenoside Rg3 protects glucocorticoid‑induced muscle atrophy in vitro through improving mitochondrial biogenesis and myotube growth

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Ashwagandha Ethanol Extract Attenuates Sarcopenia-Related Muscle Atrophy in Aged Mice

Ashwagandha Ethanol Extract Attenuates Sarcopenia-Related Muscle Atrophy in Aged Mice

Nutritional Strategies for Muscle Atrophy: Current Evidence and Underlying Mechanisms

The anti-aging mechanism of ginsenosides with medicine and food homology

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