GIS‐based regionalisation of radiation, temperature and coupling measures in complex terrain for low mountain ranges

Häntzschel, Janet; Goldberg, Valeri; Bernhofer, Christian

doi:10.1017/s1350482705001489

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The usefulness of this approach might not be for flat terrain, in which relief does not significantly affect R a . However, in complex terrain, for high-resolution ET o maps used for ecological and water resources management, spatial variations in relief are commonly very important and significantly affect the values of R a estimates because radiation flux are especially dependent on the geometry of terrain [15], and this has a significant effect on local ET o values [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Precipitation, Temperature, and Evapotranspiration in the Mkomazi River Basin, Tanzania

Mmbando

Kleyer

2018

Climate

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Abstract:It is still a challenge to provide spatially explicit predictions of climate parameters in African regions of complex relief, where meteorological information is scarce. Here we predict rainfall, temperature, and reference evapotranspiration (ET o ) for the southern Mkomazi River Basin in Northeastern Tanzania, East Africa, by means of regression-based, digital elevation models (DEM) at 90 m spatial-resolution and geographic information systems (GIS) techniques. We mapped rainfall for the period 1964-2010. The models accounted for orographic factors which strongly influenced the spatial variability of rainfall in the region. According to orography, the area was divided into three zones for modelling rainfall: windward, leeward, and transition zone. Rainfall indicates high spatial and temporal variability dominated by equatorial East-African climate circulation systems. Maximum and minimum temperatures were modelled for the period 1989-1994, the models accounted only for the altitude gradient. Mean temperature was calculated by arithmetic mean of maximum and minimum temperatures maps in ArcGIS. ET o was estimated in ArcGIS following the method described by Hargreaves and Samani. The maps were made on a monthly basis for rainfall, ET o , and mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures. The obtained maps are useful for the purpose of agriculture, ecological, and water resources management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Precipitation, Temperature, and Evapotranspiration in the Mkomazi River Basin, Tanzania

Mmbando

Kleyer

2018

Climate

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“…Topography also affects the spatial variation in ET o because it noticeably affects the total solar radiation received by a surface. Therefore, Häntzschel et al (2005) showed for a small region of South Germany that the daily sum of ET o on a steep south-facing spruce-covered surface is two times higher than the value of ET o on a north-facing grassy surface.…”

Section: S M Vicente-serrano S Lanjeri and J I López-morenomentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Martínez-Cob, 1996;Antonic et al, 2001;Ray and Dadhwal, 2001;Dalezios et al, 2002;Häntzschel et al, 2005;Mardikis et al, 2005). Most of the procedures are based on local estimates of ET o from meteorological data collected at available weather stations.…”

Section: S M Vicente-serrano S Lanjeri and J I López-morenomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This procedure assumes a planar surface that receives equal solar radiation at every site on the plane. At very detailed spatial resolutions and in areas with complex relief, this assumption may result in errors in ET o estimates because the terrain geometry and slope angle affect illumination and the total radiation received at the surface, which in turn affects ET o values (Häntzschel et al, 2005).…”

Section: Calculation Of Reference Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of different procedures to map reference evapotranspiration using geographical information systems and regression‐based techniques

Vicente‐Serrano

Lanjeri

López‐Moreno

2007

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Abstract:This paper compares different procedures for mapping reference evapotranspiration (ET o ) by means of regression-based techniques and geographical information systems (GIS). ET o is calculated following the method of Hargreaves (HG) from a dense database of meteorological stations in the northernmost semi-arid region of Europe, the Ebro valley. The HG method requires the calculation of estimates of extraterrestrial radiation (R a ). We calculated this parameter using two approaches: (1) the common approach that assumes a planar surface and determines the parameter as a function of latitude and (2) using a digital terrain model (DTM) and GIS modelling. The maps were made on a monthly basis using both approaches. We also compared possible propagations of errors in the map calculations for maps derived from modelled layers of maximum and minimum temperatures with those modelled using previously determined local ET o calculations. We demonstrate that calculations of R a from a DTM and GIS modelling provide a more realistic spatial distribution of ET o than those derived by only considering latitude. It is also preferable to model in advance the variables involved in the calculation of ET o (temperature and R a ) and to subsequently calculate ET o by means of layer algebra in the GIS rather than directly model the local ET o calculations. The obtained maps are useful for the purposes of agriculture and ecological and water resources management in the study area.

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“…(2) where Igb , Ib (beam), shade and Idiff (diffuse) are all rasters (Wahschning & Hanitsch, 1995;Duffie & Beckman, 2001;Hantzschel et al, 2005;Jochem et al, 2009;Carneiro et al, 2009;Merino et al, 2010), the values of which can be output hourly by the script r.sun. The raster svf, on the other hand, contains time independent values.…”

Section: Insolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating shading losses in solar photovoltaic potential assessment at the municipal scale

2012

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Recently several algorithms have been developed to calculate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential on the basis of 2.5D raster data that can capture urban morphology. This study provides a new algorithm that (i) incorporates both terrain and near surface shadowing effects on the beam component; (ii) scales down the diffuse components of global irradiation; and (iii) utilizes free and open source GRASS and the module r.sun in modeling irradiation. This algorithm is semiautomatic and easy to upgrade or correct (no hand drawn areas), open source, detailed and provides rules of thumb for PV system design at the municipal level. The workflow is pilot tested on LiDAR data for 100 buildings in downtown Kingston, Ontario. Shading behavior was considered and suitable roof sections for solar PV installations selected using a multi-criteria objective. At sub-meter resolution and small time steps the effect of occlusion from near object was determined. Annual daily horizontal irradiation values were refined at 0.55m resolution and were shown to be lower than those obtained at 90 m by 30%. The robustness of r.sun as capable of working with different levels of surface complexity has been confirmed. Finally, the trade off of each computation option (spatial resolution, time step and shading effect) has been quantified at the meso scale, to assist planners in developing the appropriate computation protocols for their regions.

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GIS‐based regionalisation of radiation, temperature and coupling measures in complex terrain for low mountain ranges

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Mapping Precipitation, Temperature, and Evapotranspiration in the Mkomazi River Basin, Tanzania

Mapping Precipitation, Temperature, and Evapotranspiration in the Mkomazi River Basin, Tanzania

Comparison of different procedures to map reference evapotranspiration using geographical information systems and regression‐based techniques

Incorporating shading losses in solar photovoltaic potential assessment at the municipal scale

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