GIS mapping of tsunami vulnerability: Case study of the Jembrana regency in Bali, Indonesia

Abstract

The coastal zone is a precious area that sustains many people and various ecosystems of high biological and economic importance. However, ecosystems and human settlements in coastal regions can be vulnerable to natural disasters such as tsunamis. Around Indonesia, seismic activity under the Indian Ocean has caused frequent earthquakes and tsunamis. In this paper, we describe a GISbased multi-criteria analysis of tsunami vulnerability for the Jembrana Regency in Bali, Indonesia. We used multiple geospatial variables of topographic elevation and slope, topographic relation to tsunami direction, coastal proximity, and coastal shape. We also incorporated expert knowledge by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct a weighting scheme for the geospatial variables. In order to examine tsunami vulnerability in relation to land use, we overlaid an official land-use map on the tsunami vulnerability map. Buildings as well as residential and agricultural areas were found to be particularly at risk in our study area. GISbased analyses can aid in a wide range of disaster assessment and facilitate regional planning for management and mitigation of natural disasters such as tsunamis. We expect that the tsunami vulnerability map presented here will contribute to preliminary tsunami mitigation and management efforts in the Jembrana Regency.

Emergency preparedness in the case of Makran tsunami: a case study on tsunami risk visualization for the western parts of Gujarat, India

“…Based on the processed SRTM data in GIS/CAD, all low-lying coastal areas potentially at risk of tsunami flooding have been identified and are shown in figure 8. The classification of tsunami risk zone is based on elevation vulnerability followed by Sinaga et al (2011). However, for high-resolution mapping of tsunami risk zone along the coastal region, very-high-resolution topographical data and satellite images are needed.…”

Blind Spots on Achilles’ Heel: The Limitations of Vulnerability and Resilience Mapping in Research

“…But the magnitude of extreme natural processes alone does not convey any information about their social relevance. A redcolored coastal zone displaying risk of a tsunami (Sinaga et al 2011) does not necessarily indicate social vulnerability, if people living within this area prepare themselves adequately through building standards, warning systems, and an internalized disaster culture. If such a culture exists, there might be some specific ecological but no social vulnerability, even if tsunamis are probable.…”

Remote sensing and spatial multi-criteria analysis for tsunami vulnerability assessment

“…The distance from the coastline (coastal proximity) to the land, calculated using multi-buffering, was used as one of the parameters in vulnerability mapping, which also used an evaluation of historical reports of the maximum run-up in the area concerned. According to Sinaga et al (2011), the algorithm used for coastal proximity was based on that of Bretschneider and Wybro (1976):…”