Glacial Acetic Acid—A Novel Food‐Compatible Solvent for Kafirin Extraction

Taylor, Janet; Taylor, John R.N.; Dutton, Michael F.; Kock, Suretha de

doi:10.1094/cc-82-0485

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Acetic acid (AcOH) is a good solvent for zein (Sessa et al 2003(Sessa et al , 2007Selling et al 2007), has a relatively low boiling point (118°C) and is less nucleophilic than many of the solvents listed, making it a worthwhile candidate for determining its ability to remove zein from CGM. Its use in combination with a sodium metabisulfite soak was has successfully been used to remove protein from kafirin (Taylor et al 2005a). When acetic acid was used alone, the yield of kaifirin was 35%; with the addition of sodium metabisulfite, it increased to 84%.…”

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confidence: 99%

Improved Isolation of Zein from Corn Gluten Meal Using Acetic Acid and Isolate Characterization as Solvent

Selling

Woods

2008

Cereal Chem

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An improved means of isolating zein is needed to develop new uses for corn zein. We have measured the yield of zein and evaluated the ability of acetic acid to remove zein from corn gluten meal, distillers dried grains, and ground corn using acetic acid as solvent. Acetic acid removed zein more quickly, at lower temperatures, and in higher yields when compared with alcoholic solvents. After 60 min at 25°C, ≈50% of the zein in corn gluten meal was removed. A step change in yield from 43 to 50% occurs as the extraction temperature is increased from 40 to 55°C after mixing for 30 min at 25% solids. The protein composition of the zein removed from corn gluten meal using acetic acid is very similar to that of commercial zein by SDS‐PAGE. The zein obtained from corn gluten meal using acetic acid had higher amounts of fatty acids and esters according to IR analysis, leading to slightly lower protein content. Films made from zein extracted from corn gluten meal using acetic acid had lower tensile strength (≈60% lower) than films produced from commercial zein. Fibers with very small diameter (0.4–1.6 μm) can be produced by electrospinning using the AcOH solution obtained after corn gluten meal extraction.

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confidence: 99%

Improved Isolation of Zein from Corn Gluten Meal Using Acetic Acid and Isolate Characterization as Solvent

Selling

Woods

2008

Cereal Chem

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“…Kafirin yields were 44.2% with glacial acetic acid, 24.2% with acidified ethanol, and 56.8% with sodium hydroxide/ethanol. Protein purity (98.9%) was highest when the acetic acid method of Taylor et al () was used. All the protein preparations were mainly α‐helical in structure and composed of α1‐, α2‐, and β‐kafirins.…”

Section: Enhanced Kafirin Extraction Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glacial acetic acid with no reducing agent or with a reducing agent mixed with glacial acetic acid was found to be a very poor kafirin extractant. However, when a sodium metabisulfite soak was applied before extraction with glacial acetic acid, the kafirin yield was higher than that with either aqueous ethanol or aqueous isopropanol with sodium hydroxide and a reducing agent (Taylor, Taylor, Dutton, & De Kock, ). The sodium metabisulfite presoak reduced the disulfide bonds of the kafirin polypeptides and was thought to disrupt the sorghum matrix proteins, allowing the kafirin to be solubilized by the glacial acetic acid.…”

Section: Enhanced Kafirin Extraction Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Kafirin, the Sorghum Prolamin, into a Viable Alternative Protein Source

Taylor

2018

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Kafirin, the sorghum prolamin, is the most hydrophobic of the prolamins, and forms disulfide crosslinks because of its high cysteine content. It is noted for its slow digestibility but does not trigger any adverse response when consumed by celiacs. These properties make kafirin potentially valuable in both food and nonfood applications, especially as a bioplastic and encapsulating agent. Despite these valuable properties, to date there is no commercial production of kafirin and consequently no commercial products. Extraction technologies that could be upscaled for industrial use are described. Also, genetic and physicochemical techniques that have been applied to improve the functional and nutritional properties of kafirin as a functional food ingredient and as a bioplastic are reviewed. It is proposed that kafirin extraction and bioplastic manufacture should be located at the site of grain bioethanol production. This would enable the use of a consistent supply of inexpensive, highprotein feedstock from sorghum distillers dried grains with solubles, as well as a ready supply of inexpensive ethanol for extraction. In addition, equipment would be available for solvent recovery, and transportation costs could be minimized. These factors would contribute to making kafirin economically viable as an alternative protein source. KeywordsSorghum Á Prolamin Á Kafirin Á Bioethanol Á Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) Á Bioplastic Á Nutrition Á Functional properties Á Food ingredient Á Brewery spent grain J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990. J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990 J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990 971 J Am Oil Chem Soc J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990 973 J Am Oil Chem Soc J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990

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“…Extraction of proteins with glacial acetic acid. Extraction of proteins with glacial acetic acid was performed according to the method of Taylor et al (2005) with slight modifications. DDGS (10 g) was mixed with 0.5% (w/w) sodium metabisulfite, stirred for 16 hr at 100 rpm, centrifuged at 3,500 × g for 15 min at 4°C, and filtered through Whatman grade-4 filter paper.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Extraction from Triticale Distillers Grains

Bandara

Chen

2011

Cereal Chem

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Triticale is being actively explored as a feedstock for bioethanol production in Western Canada. Triticale distillers grains, an important coproduct of the bioethanol industry, are used mainly as animal feed. This study aims to develop methods of protein extraction from triticale distillers wet grains and distillers dried grains with solubles. Osborne fractionation showed low protein extractability because excessive protein denaturation occurred during sample preparation. Five methods were used to extract proteins: pH shifting, 60% ethanol, alkaline‐ethanol solution, glacial acetic acid, and enzyme‐aided extraction. Extracts obtained with the alkaline‐ethanol and glacial acetic acid methods showed comparatively higher protein contents (≈61–65%) when compared with the other extraction methods (≈35–57%). Enzyme‐aided extraction with Protex 6L yielded 75–82% protein at a content of 43–57%, depending on the types of raw materials. Establishing methods of protein extraction from triticale distillers grains would facilitate further studies on new uses of triticale proteins.

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Glacial Acetic Acid—A Novel Food‐Compatible Solvent for Kafirin Extraction

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Improved Isolation of Zein from Corn Gluten Meal Using Acetic Acid and Isolate Characterization as Solvent

Improved Isolation of Zein from Corn Gluten Meal Using Acetic Acid and Isolate Characterization as Solvent

Making Kafirin, the Sorghum Prolamin, into a Viable Alternative Protein Source

Protein Extraction from Triticale Distillers Grains

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